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Humans are unable to make their own folate. Folate is necessary for the production of DNA and RNA so humans must eat folate produced by other organisms which is why humans are unaffected by the action of sulphonamides.

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Q: Why do sulfonamides not affect humans?
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How Sulfonamides work on human body?

Sulfonamides are a class of antibiotic - the first class of useful antibiotic, in fact. They work by inhibiting the production of folate by bacteria. Because humans cannot make their own folate (we must eat folate produced by other organisms), sulfonamides do not affect human cells. Folate is necessary for the production of DNA and RNA, so inhibiting its production in bacterial cells stops the bacterial cells from dividing. Because sulfonamides to not directly kill the bacteria, only stop their spread, they are called bacteriostatic.


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Sulfonamides inhibit dihydropteroate synthetase so that the bacteria's nucleotide synthesis is inhibited.


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