The Greek colonies in Asia Minor had been incorporated within the Persian Empire. They often revolted and were given assistance by their mother-cities in mainland Greece. When Miletus revolted, Athens and Eretria provided military support, and went so far as to burn down the Persian provincial capital of Sardis. A Persian punitive expedition in response to this was defeated at Marathon and in front of Athens in 490 BCE.
Persia then decided that the only way to put a final end to this was to incorporate mainland Greece in its empire, and so establish an ethnic frontier. Many of the northern Greek cities were bribed to come to the Persian side, and Persian king Xerxes invaded southern Greece in 480 BCE.
Persia!!!!!
By marching their army from Asia Minor around the Aegean Sea, and sailing their ships on the Aegean Sea.
Some of the Greek city-states joined with Persia, the southern cities opposed the Persian attempt to absorb them into the Persian empire.
Xerxes I was king during the Persian invasion of Greece in 480-479 BCE. Darius III was king during Alexander's conquest of Persia 150 years later and, therefore, the last Persian King of the Hellenistic Period.
Artaxerxes I.
Artaxerxes I.
Xerxes
Xerxes I.
King Darius I.
Darius I The Great.
Xerxes II.
Darius the Great.