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Located behind the fan blades, in the bypass duct (where the air that does not enter the compressor travels), are stators called Outlet Guide Vanes (OGVs). Since the fan blades are rotating, they make the airflow swirl in the direction of the rotation as it passes the fan blades (much like how the propeller airflow swirls around the fuselage of a single-engine, piston airplane).
This swirling airflow now has less momentum dedicated to thrusting the airplane forward because the total-momentum vector is split into two smaller vectors at 90° from each other; one vector is pointed to the rear of the engine, and the other vector is pointed to the side of the engine in the direction of fan rotation (think about the loss of vertical lift as the lift vector is split into vertical and horizontal vectors when an airplane begins to turn). OGVs are used to remove the swirl (eliminate the momentum vector that points to the side of the engine); thus, straightening the airflow to regain the momentum that is used for thrust.
These OGVs are a large source of the engine noise that you hear in the video. Each fan blade grabs a chunk of air and pushes it back. These chunks all slap against the OGVs. This is the "chopping noise" that you hear. The interaction between unsteady fan airflow and the OGVs also produces the rumbling sound. The intensity of the sounds will vary with the number and rotation speed of the fan blades.
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