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Why do bubbles rise in a beer?

Updated: 8/11/2023
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14y ago

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First basic beer physics.

Beer contains carbon dioxide in solution at equilibrium (it doesn't want to come out of soluion). As the pressure in the beer is removed (you pop the tab or remove the cap) it seeks a new equilibrium concentration and some gas comes out of solution and the liquid foams up. Beer contains surfactants (chemical) that trap the gas in bubbles (foam). As the beer warms more and more gas comes out until the beer goes flat.

What else makes the gas come out?

If the beer is shaken, dropped, spilled or jostled the energy shakes some of the gas out of solution and the beer foams up.

If you put salt in the beer it changes that chemical composition of the beer and provides small particles for the bubbles to form around and the beer foams up.

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15y ago
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13y ago

It has bubbles in it because of the Co2 rising to the top since it is a gas, just like soda. The concentration of the bubbles changes when you get near the bottom of the supply. Therefore, a lot of bars are now putting nitrogen in their taps to keep the perfect head on a beer until it runs out.

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14y ago

There is an upward force on the bubble, equal to the weight of the beer that would occupy the bubble's volume if the bubble were not there.

This is the principle of Archimedes, the ancient Greek philosopher who really enjoyed tipping a few now and then. It's the same reason a beach-ball shoots up out of the pool so fast after you submerge it.

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