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The structure of DNA can be compared to a ladder. It has an alternating chemical phosphate and sugar backbone, making the "sides" of the ladder. (Deoxyribose is the name of the sugar found in the backbone of DNA.) In between the two sides of this sugar-phosphate backbone are four nitrogenous bases: adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G). (A grouping like this of a phosphate, a sugar, and a base makes up a subunit of DNA called a nucleotide.) These bases make up the "rungs" of the ladder, and are attached to the backbone where the deoxyribose (sugar) molecules are located.

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Q: Why does the DNA backbone not line up at each end?
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