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Visualize this: Cut the earth in half, and look into one half as if you are looking at a circular target. At the center is the center of the earth. Imagine a line from the center straight up to 12 o'clock and another line from center to 3 o'clock, forming a right angle. At three o'clock you have zero degrees as measured from the center; this is the equator. The individual degrees upward toward the pole at 90 degrees will define arcs on earth's surface of equal distances. These are degrees of latitude.

Lines of longitude are farthest apart at the equator, and they all converge at the poles. So the angular size of any degree will be at its largest at the equator, and will be zero at the poles.

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Q: Why does the distance between two consecutive latitude remain the same?
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Why is length of India more than its breath when the latitude and longitutes are the same degrees?

The length of a country is determined by its longitudinal extent, which is the distance between its easternmost and westernmost points. The breadth, on the other hand, is determined by the latitudinal extent, which is the distance between its northernmost and southernmost points. While India's latitude and longitude may have the same numerical value, the Earth's shape causes a distortion in the lengths of these lines, resulting in the length being greater than the breadth.


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'Lines' of latitude remain where they are at and do not run. Since every point on the same parallel of latitude is at the same north or south latitude, the only directions left for it to extend in length are east and west.


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