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It is 2.4 miles from little Diomede Island in Alaska, North America to Big Diomede Island, Russia, Asia. Halfway between the two Islands is the International Border and the International Dateline.
Yes, the Alaskan Aleutian Islands cross the International Dateline. On a map or globe it does not because the "International Dateline" kind of zig zags. This is only done on maps and globes so it would not go through any country. In reality the International Dateline is 180W/180E.
Little Diomede Island (part of Alaska) is just 2.5 miles away from Big Diomede Island (part of Russia), so the U.S. and Russia are separated by only 2.5 miles. The International Dateline runs between these 2 islands.
Pacific Ocean At 180 degrees longitude (for the most part), directly opposite the Prime Meridian (which passes through Greenwich, England), the International Dateline extends through the middle of the Pacific Ocean and a large portion of the Arctic Ocean. It would pass through the tip of eastern Russia and across Alaska's Aleutian Islands, but by agreement the line jogs around both. Similarly, the line takes an angled path in the southern hemisphere to avoid bisecting any countries.
Little Diomede Island (Alaska) is 2.4 mile from Big Diomed (Russia) and the Maritime border and the International Dateline passes midway between the two making the distance between the two countries 1.2 miles apart.
The International Dateline roughly follows the line of longitude that is both 180° E longitude and 180° W longitude, which passes through the western Pacific Ocean. The Dateline is shifted east or west in several locations to maintain a common date for associated countries or regions (Russia, US, New Zealand).
The Diomonde Islands. Little Diomonde is in Alaska and 2.4 miles away is Big Diomonde Island in Russia with the International Border and the International Date Line lying halfway between the two.
PCH = Pacific Ocean
They may be after the International Date Line. As well as territorial boundaries.
No. But Russia owned Alaska.
The International Dateline was defined with significant zigs and zags in it, expressly to avoid imposing on any single town, city, state, country, or island the horror of always having two different calendar dates within its borders. Life in such a place would be impossible on any modern civilized level.
Alaska was bought from Russia.