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Tuberculosis is either a latent or active infection caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Despite the danger of active tuberculosis it can be contained with the appropriate antibiotics, and then enter into its latent phase (it can never be completely eradicated from the body due to the hardiness of the bacteria). In "1st" world countries these antibiotics can be obtained relatively easily, therefore sharply decreasing the overall Death Rate due to tuberculosis. In less modern countries these cannot be obtained as easily, and death ensues for many who become infected. Another factor to consider with TB infections is the overall ability of the immune system in the infected individual. Oftentimes the immune system has the ability to effectively fight TB, but those infected with HIV or AIDS have a decreased survival rate. The rampant spread of HIV and AIDS throughout many underdeveloped nations has a corresponding effect on the fatality rate of TB.

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