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How does the hydrolysis of esters lead to the formation of soap?
Soap is formed by the hydrolysis of fats by lye, not the hydrolysis of esters. The lye strips the 3 fatty acids from the glycerine in the fats and reacts with the free fatty acids producing soap, this process is called saponification.
How can the hydrolysis rate of prodrugs be slowed down?
The hydrolysis rate of prodrugs can be slowed down with the usage of sterically hindered esters and the use of long-chain fatty acid esters.
What has the author Malcolm Frank Goldman written?
Malcolm Frank Goldman has written: 'Acid-catalysed hydrolysis of substituted sterically-hindered benzoate esters' -- subject(s): Hydrolysis, Benzoic acid, Esters
What has the author Cecil Victor King written?
Cecil Victor King has written: 'The mechanism of acid catalysis of ester hydrolysis ..' -- subject(s): Catalysis, Esters, Hydrolysis
What has the author Jameel Ahmad Farooqi written?
Jameel Ahmad Farooqi has written: 'Kinetics of alkaline hydrolysis of some esters'
What has the author B K Abdalla written?
B. K. Abdalla has written: 'The hydrolysis of formate esters in single organic drops'
Carboxylic acid can be prepared by?
Carboxylic acids can be prepared by the oxidation of primary alcohols or aldehydes using oxidizing agents such as chromic acid or potassium permanganate. They can also be obtained by the hydrolysis of nitriles using a strong acid or base. Syndiotactic polymerization of styrene with carbon monoxide can also yield carboxylic acids.
Which are least reactive eiter ethers or esters?
Ethers are generally less reactive than esters. This is due to the lack of a reactive functional group in ethers, which mainly consist of an oxygen atom bonded to two alkyl or aryl groups. In contrast, esters contain a carbonyl group (C=O) that makes them more susceptible to nucleophilic attack and hydrolysis. Thus, esters are typically more reactive than ethers.
Can ester be hydrolysed to alcohol?
yes, in presence of base, esters can be hydrolysed to alcohol and acid.
What are the product of a steroid hydrolysis?
The products of steroid hydrolysis typically include free fatty acids and alcohols, as the hydrolysis process involves the breakdown of ester bonds in steroid esters. This can lead to the formation of hydroxyl groups where the esterified groups were located, resulting in various steroid derivatives. Additionally, depending on the specific steroid and conditions, other metabolites may also be produced. Overall, hydrolysis alters the structure and function of the steroid molecule.
How can the hydrolysis rate of prodrugs be accelerated?
If the base hydrolysis mechanism is important, an electron withdrawing group can be attached to the prodrug. If the acid hydrolysis mechanism is important, an electron donating group can be attacked to the prodrug.
Base hydrolysis of an ester is called?
Base hydrolysis of an ester is known as saponification, where the ester is hydrolyzed in the presence of a strong base (e.g. NaOH) to form a carboxylate salt and an alcohol. This reaction is commonly used in soap-making processes.
