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Why initiator efficiency in any free radical polymerization is always low?
Wiki User
∙ 11y ago
initiators are very less stable. hence it can re combine with another free radical
Wiki User
∙ 11y ago
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How do you determine electrical usage and efficiency on a portable space heater?
Electric heat is always 99% efficient. The only exception to this relates to 110 volt vs 220 volt, but this is based on myth.
Chemical equation for the reaction of ethyne with bromine in carbon tetrachloride?
The question is not very specific, so there is more than just one answer, but I'm assuming you are referring to a radical bromination of an alkane (ethane) versus an electrophilic bromination of an alkene (ethene).Br2 in the presence of a radical initiator (such as light or heat) will add to ethane to form 2-bromoethane as the major product in a radical mechanism. This goes through an initiation step (forming 2 bromine radicals), followed by propagation to the alkane (forming a secondary ethyl radical), followed by a termination step. The termination step leading to the product is one where another bromine radical joins with the ethyl radical.In the absence of light or heat, bromine cannot react with an alkane, but it can react as an electrophile with an alkene. In this type of reaction (electrophilic addition to an alkene), the ∏-bond (double bond) on ethene attacks a bromine atom (from Br2) and kicks out a bromide (Br-). The bromine that was just added forms two bonds (one on each carbon of the double bond), giving a three-membered C-Br-C ring called a bromonium ion (since the bromine atom now has a positive charge). The bromide that left before can now attack the backside of the bromonium ion, opening the 3-membered ring, and adding anti to form a dibromoalkane (1,2-dibromoethane in this example). This reaction is stereospecific because in the major product the bromine atoms will always add anti (to the opposite side) on the alkene.
Why does the 2nd law of thermodynamics relate to the direction of heat flow and efficiency of heat engines?
One of the consequences of the 2nd law is that it is impossible for a power plant to achieve 100% efficiency. In fact the maximum efficiency is limited by the temperature of the boiler and temperature of the condenser for power plants powered by heat (like coal, gas fired, and nuclear).
Does a geiger tube count all radiation?
No. A GM tube only counts the ionizing events that happen to interact with it. Consider that a radioactive source radiates in 360 degrees, in three axes, to form a three dimensional sphere of radiation. The GM tube intersects only part of that sphere and, even for the the parts that do intersect, its not always a direct intersection, so there is not always a capture of an event that registers on the tube. This is why we talk about calibration geometry and efficiency.
What are the damage of friction?
All energy ultimately ends up as heat, thus, all physical processes' ultimate 'waste' products is heat Friction always creates heat, and an increase in friction always creates an increase in (waste) heat...remember Second Law of Thermodynamics, right? Thus: Friction increase increases heat; increases waste and thereby decreases efficiency, without even considering the damage that the increased heat can create
What is the chemical reaction by which monomers are linked together to form polymers?
This type of reaction is named polymerization.
What is the name of the chemical reaction which combines monomers to make polymers?
Simply - polymerization. However, this is usually addition polymerization but not always. Nylon is formed by condensation polymerization and the polymers used to make waterbased latex paints is usually called emulsion polymerization.
Is it always a good idea to discard low efficiency?
No...... Not always........... They can be modified to high efficiency..............
Is it always a good idea to discard low efficiency devices?
No...... Not always........... They can be modified to high efficiency..............
Why can efficiency never can be 100 percent?
The laws of thermodynamics imply that there will always be some loss of efficiency.
What are some extracurricular activities that you can take to become a waitress?
hey everyone you are so coll and so radical! love always , ?Unknown!!!!!!!!!!!! hey everyone you are so coll and so radical! love always , ?Unknown!!!!!!!!!!!! hey everyone you are so coll and so radical! love always , ?Unknown!!!!!!!!!!!!
Why a normal machine could not have the mechanical efficiency of 100?
Because there is always going to be friction, the efficiency of any machine will always be less then 100 percent.
Can you fuse monsters without polymerization?
You always need 'something' to let you fuse monsters, be it, - Another kind of fusion card like Dark Fusion, or, - An active effect such as Fusion Gate, or, - A fusion monster that says it can fuse specifically without needing Polymerization.
Was osama bin laden always a terrorist?
No, not always. Through various experiences he had, he became radical and became a terrorist.
Can zero be used as a radical?
yes the nth root of zero is always zero
How do you simplify a radical equation?
When in doubt always square both sides of the equation.
What is the meaning of persistent initiator?
this means your constantly starting, from how you phrased it im guessing your always annoying someone or irritating them back off and let the other person come to you
