Synagogue is a Greek word which means Jewish house of prayer. In modern Jewish communities, synagogues are used for public prayer, and sometimes as community centers, catering hall, kosher kitchen, day care center, Jewish library or religious school.
There is no special requirement for the outside of a synagogue.
There is no special place in a synagogue called a "meeting place"
the only special building and the only one is the synagogue
If you are Christian, why is your church special, if you are Jewish, why is you synagogue special? Answer those questions to find out why a mosque is special.
Wrong. The seder is held at home, and the special festival prayer-services are held in the synagogue.
There is no special word for the steps in a synagogue. You may be thinking of the raised platform in the front or center of the chapel which is called a bima.
There is no specific "the stair" in a synagogues. Some synagogues have stairs while others don't.
In Jewish homes; and special prayers are added in the synagogue services.
In the home and in the prayer-services. See also:http://judaism.answers.com/jewish-holidays/hanukkah
Sukkot is celebrated among Jewish families, and special prayers are added in the synagogue services.
Historical synagogues are those that have a special place in history. So, the first synagogue in any particular country would be classified as historical, as would the oldest surviving synagogue in that country. Good examples would be the Touro Synagogue in Rhode Island, the Rashi Synagogue in Worms and the Old New Synagogue in Prague. Any synagogue where someone historically important would also qualify. So, for example, the Ramban Synagogue in Jerusalem, founded by the great medieval rabbi Nachmanides, would qualify. Ancient synagogues that are now merely archaeological sites are another category that would qualify.
Usually a synagogue will have a billboard or signage indicating it is a synagogue.