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A flange is defined as a plate type device, normally round, that is attached to the end of a pipe, fitting, valve or other object to facilitate the assembly and disassembly of a piping system. For many years the only practical method of joining steel pipe had been by connecting threaded pipe ends with couplings. Improvements in the welding of carbon steel reduced labor costs and provided a completely sealed and much stronger joint. In most present day piping systems, threaded joints are usually limited to pipe sizes 2" and smaller. Larger pipe (3" and larger) is normally joined by butt-welding of continuous pipe and fittings or by flanges at joints that may require dismantling. Flanges (3" and larger) are also the default standard for connecting to most equipment connections and valves.

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Q: Why is a flange called a flange?
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