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Two reasons. The wet road has a lower coefficient of friction that the dry one. It is more slippery. The same goes for the brakes. If they are wet, they will be less effective because of the same reason. A higher amount of friction wastes more energy, in this case momentum, causing a loss of speed.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friction

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Q: Why is braking less effective on a wet road than on a dry road?
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this is because there is less friction on the smooth road than on the rough, ( friction is the force that opposes movement) hope this helps


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