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When writing the chemical formula of a substance you write the symbol of each element and next to the symbol you write the number of atoms of that element there are in the molecule. The number is written in subscript. However, do not write a number next to the element if there is only one atom of it in the substance.

A carbon monoxide molecule contains one carbon atom (symbol: C) and one atom of oxygen (symbol: O), and so the formula is CO. The mon- in monoxide merely means that there is one oxygen atom in the molecule.

It cannot be called carbon oxide because there is also carbon dioxide (CO2) which has one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms.

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