Because it causes "ionization" in materials - if those materials are flesh, it damages them.
Radio radiation is non-ionizing, meaning it does not have enough energy to remove electrons from atoms or molecules. This type of radiation is generally considered less harmful to human health compared to ionizing radiation.
Alpha particles are ionizing radiation because they have a positive charge and can remove electrons from atoms they interact with, causing ionization. This can damage living tissues if exposure is significant.
Infrared radiation is non-ionizing, which means it does not have enough energy to remove electrons from atoms or molecules. It is considered low-energy electromagnetic radiation that can generate heat in tissues but does not have enough energy to cause ionization.
Microwaves are non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation, which means they do not have enough energy to remove electrons from atoms or molecules. This makes them safer for everyday use compared to ionizing radiation like X-rays or gamma rays.
Alpha radiation has the least ability to penetrate matter. It consists of particles that are relatively large and heavy, which makes them easier to block. They can be stopped by a piece of paper or human skin.
The IR in IRMER stands for Ionising Radiation to which the regulation relates. MRI does not employ Ionising radiation so as far as I am aware the regulation doesn't apply to MRI.
Ultraviolet is ionising radiation. That means that it will ionise (turn into ions) some substances due to being a high energy form of electromagnetic radiation. If these 'substances' happen to be in your skin then you can start to see how UV radiation can be bad.
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is dangerous because it can damage skin cells, leading to sunburn, premature aging, and an increased risk of skin cancer. Overexposure to UV radiation can also harm the eyes and suppress the immune system. It is important to protect oneself from UV radiation by using sunscreen, wearing sun-protective clothing, and seeking shade.
If by ionising radiation you mean alpha radiation (the most ionising out of alpha, beta and gamma radiation) then about a millimetre of paper would stop it. alpha radiation ionises the molecules of anything it reaches, but can pass through very few things due to its immense ionising power. This includes human tissue, but in all honesty, a large dose of alpha radiation wouldn't do human tissue alot of good. In short, almost any material can stop ionising radiation.
Ionization can lead to the formation of free radicals, which are highly reactive and can damage cellular components such as DNA, proteins, and cell membranes. This damage can disrupt normal cellular functions and lead to mutations, cell death, or even cancer.
The ionizing power of radiation is related to its ability to create charged particles (ions) as it passes through matter, which can cause damage to biological tissues. Penetrating power, on the other hand, refers to how deeply radiation can travel through a material before being absorbed. Generally, radiation with high ionizing power tends to have lower penetrating power, and vice versa.
Alpha radiation has the least ability to penetrate matter. It consists of particles that are relatively large and heavy, which makes them easier to block. They can be stopped by a piece of paper or human skin.
A unit of absorbed energy from ionising radiation equal to one thousand grays. A gray (Gy) is the SI unit of absorbed radiation dose of ionising radiation, defined as the absorption of one joule of ionising radiation by one kilogram of matter (usually human tissue).
mobile/cell phones microwaves radiation power lines
Skin burns. Eye damage.
Smoke detectors
Any electromagnetic radiation can be dangerous. Alpha waves are higher on the radiation scale than x-rays so yes, they are dangerous.