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  1. The person responsible for the task needs to take responsibility for the schedule
  2. That person probably has the best idea how long the task will take - this will then give the most accurate information
  3. Tasks don't get done faster simply because somebody dictates how fast it should be done.
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Q: Why is it important that the person who will be responsible for performing the activity make the duration estimate for that activity?
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How can you minimize or control changes to project schedules?

The first step in establishing a project is to estimate how long each activity will take, from the time it is started until the time it is finished. This duration estimate for each activity is the time for the work to be done plus associated waiting time. It's a good practice to have the person who will be responsible for performing a particular activity make the duration estimate for that activity. This generates a commitment from that person and avoids bias that may be introduced by having one person make the duration estimates for all the activity. An activity duration estimate must be based on the quantity of resources expected to be used on the activity. The estimate should be aggressive, yet realistic. Throughout the performance of the project some activities will take longer than their estimated duration, others will be done in less time than their estimated duration, and a few may conform to duration estimates exactly. Over the life of a project that involves many activities, such delays and accelerations will tend to cancel out one another. In order to establish a basis from which to calculate a schedule using the duration estimates for the activities, it's necessary to select the estimated start time and required completion time for overall project. These times define overall window or envelope, of time in which the project must be completed. The projects required completion time is normally part of the project objective and stated in the contract. Once the, estimated duration for each activity in the network and an overall window of time in which the project must be completed, you have to decide whether the activities can be done by the required completion time. An ever enjoyable aspect of managing a project is the control the project schedule. The managing and maintaining the schedule proactively is your best way to assure the project comes in on time. In order to be proactive about this process there are some inputs that one needs to understand. The inputs are: The Schedule Baseline - The schedule baseline is the current approved version of the project schedule which provides a basis for comparing and reporting on the project performance. The project schedule details the planned start and end dates for the activities. Performance Reports - Performance reports are first and foremost a communication mechanism to list what work has been performed by whom. A good performance report should show the planned and actual dates and duration of work activities Schedule Management Plan - The Schedule Management Plan details how changes to the schedule can be made and under which conditions such changes are allowed. Project Manager, Project Sponsors, and Functional Managers should adhere to the scheduling guidelines explained within the schedule management plan. Approved Change Requests - Approved schedule change requests are an input because the schedule needs to be revise to reflect the approved changes to the project schedule.


What kinds of decision making situations may be analysed using PERT and CPM techniques?

CPM vs. PERTCPM or "Critical Path Method":tool to analyze project and determine duration, based on identification of "critical path" through an activity network. Knowledge of the critical path can permit management of the project to change duration. A single estimate for activity time was used that did not allow for variation in activity times Activity times are assumed to be known or predictable ("deterministic") Activities are represented as nodes or circles PERT or "Project Evaluation and Review Technique":Another derivative of the GANTT chartMultiple time estimates were used for each activity that allowed for variation in activity timesActivity times are assumed to be random, with assumed probability distribution ("probabilistic")Activities are represented by arrowed lines between the nodes or circles


Which statements most accurately explain the activity and relative duration of the Monitoring and Controlling process group?

The Monitoring and Controlling processes take place throughout the project lifecycle The Monitoring and Controlling process group shows the most activity in the middle of the project lifecycle, when the Executing process group activities are approaching their peak


What is the importance of slack time critical activies and critical path?

According to Malhortra/Krajewski/Ritzman, In their book "Operations Management", The maximum length of time that a task can be delayed without procrastinating the whole project is called activity slack. Activity on a critical path has Zero slack. Information on slack is useful because it summit activities that call for close attention. In this respect, activity slack is the amount of timetable slippage that can be accepted for an activity before the entire project will be delayed. Slack at an activity is lessened when the assessed time duration of an activity is surpassed or when the planned start time for an activity must be put off because of resource considerations (1). 1- Malhortra Krajewski Ritzman, "Operations Management" , 9th Edition, Prentice Hall, NJ


What are the steps in correct time management?

The following are the steps in correct project schedule/time management• Define Activities - Identifies the specific schedule activities that must be performed to produce the project deliverables.• Sequence Activities - Identifies the dependencies among the schedule activities and orders the activities accordingly.• Estimate Activity Resources - Estimates the types and amounts of resources that will be required to perform each schedule activity. Examples of resources are materials, equipment, supplies, and people.• Estimate Activity Duration - Estimates the time in work periods individually for each schedule activity required for the activity's completion. A work period is a measurement of time when the work is in progress; it is measured in hours, days, or months, depending upon the size of the activity. This estimate is performed for given resources.• Develop Schedule - Develops the project schedule by analyzing schedule activity sequences, schedule activity durations, resource requirements, and schedule constraints.• Control Schedule - Monitors the status of the project progress and controls the changes to the schedule baseline.

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What is Project Activity Duration?

Activity duration is the time between the start and finish of a schedule activity. For example, if we consider walking to your nearest McDonalds for a coffee an activity, it depends on how fast we walk. Lets say it is approximately 500 meters from your house, if you walk at a comfortable pace, you will take around 10 mins to reach the place. So, the duration of the activity of walking to your nearest McDonalds is 10 mins. Once you know this number, you can prioritize or plan accordingly to meet your needs.


What is the time that passes from start to end of an activity called?

The time that passes from the start to the end of an activity is called duration. It represents the total length of time that the activity takes to complete.


What is project duration?

Activity duration is the time between the start and finish of a schedule activity. For example, if we consider walking to your nearest McDonalds for a coffee an activity, it depends on how fast we walk. Lets say it is approximately 500 meters from your house, if you walk at a comfortable pace, you will take around 10 mins to reach the place. So, the duration of the activity of walking to your nearest McDonalds is 10 mins. Once you know this number, you can prioritize or plan accordingly to meet your needs.