0
Why is it important to cut the plasmid and the human DNA with the same restriction enzyme?
Wiki User
∙ 8y agoWant this question answered?
Be notified when an answer is posted
Add your answer:
Earn +20 pts
How does a human insulin genes become part of a plasmid?
1. Scientists remove plasmids, small rings of DNA, from bacterial cells. 2. An enzyme cuts open the plasmid DNA. The same enzyme removes the human insulin gene from its chromosome. 3. The human insulin gene attaches the open ends of the plasmid to form a closed ring. 4. Some bacterial cells take up the plasmids that have the insulin gene. 5. When cells reproduce, the news cells will contain copies of the engineered plasmid. The foreign gene directs the cell to produce human insulin.
Whay is then enzyme in human saliva?
The enzyme in human saliva is Amylase.
When scientist copy DNA what do they have to cut out first?
Restriction endonuclease
What evidence is there that protease enzyme came from a human?
Protease enzme came from a human.
Is human cell contain plasmid?
Plasmid is the property of prokaryotic cell i.e. of bacteria generally no mamalian cell have plasmid but ya there can be chances to have lillte part of DNA sequence to be simillar that of plasmid DNA sequence in prokaryotes
When pharmaceutical companies use recombinant bacteria to make insulin what do they insert the insulin gene into?
The human insulin gene, which is located on the top of the short arm of chromosome 11 in human DNA, is cut from the DNA strand using restriction enzymes (genetics scissors). A plasmid (floating circular disks of DNA in bacteria) is extracted from a bacteria and cut open with another restriction enzyme, and the gene for human insulin is taken up by the plasmid. Another enzyme, ligase, is used to permanently seal the exposed nucleotides (ends of the DNA strands) together (like genetic glue). the plasmid is then put back into the bacterial cell, and the bacteria will then manufacture insulin. its offspring will also have the genetic data for human insulin.
Explain how viruses might be used to copy the gene for producing human insulin?
the human insulin gene, which is located on the top of the short arm of chromosome 11 in human DNA, is cut from the DNA strand using restriction enzymes (genetics scissors). a plasmid (floating circular disks of DNA in bacteria) is extracted from a bacteria and cut open with another restriction enzyme, and the gene for human insulin is taken up by the plasmid. Another enzyme, ligase, is used to permanently seal the exposed nucleotides (ends of the DNA strands) together (like genetic glue). the plasmid is then put back into the bacterial cell, and the bacteria will then manufacture insulin. its offspring will also have the genetic data for human insulin.
How could you use genetic engineering techniques to make transformed bacteria that produce the enzyme?
Extract DNA from the cells of people who can make the digestion enzyme. Cut the DNA with restriction enzymes to cut out the gene that codes for the enzyme. Use gel electrophoresis to locate the gene. Then, use polymerase chain reaction to make copies of the gene. Choose a plasmid that has an antibiotic-resistance genetic marker, and cut the plasmid with the smae restriction enzyme use to cut out the hyman gene. Insert the copies of the human gene into the plasmids. Allow bacterial cells to take in the plasmids. Select for transformed bacteria by growing them in a culture containing the antibiotic. These bacteria will make the digestion enzyme.
Which enzyme would cut the human DNA shown in Part A on both sides of the vgp gene but not inside the gene?
1. Which enzyme(s) would cut the human DNA shown in Part A on both sides of the vgp gene, but not inside the gene? Answer: BamHI, HaeIII, and HindIII 2. Which enzymes(s) would cut the plasmid without disrupting the function of the amp^R gene? Answer: BamHI, EcoRI, and HaeIII 3. Which enzyme(s) would produce sticky ends when cutting both the human DNA and the plasmid? Answer: BamHI, EcoRI, and HindIII 4. Which one restriction enzyme satisfies all three of the requirements listed above? Answer: BamHI only
How is a human gene recombined into a bacterial plasmid?
One of the most common ways these days is from cDNA. RNA is extracted from human cells, purified, and then treated with an enzyme called reverse transcriptase which is able to make DNA from RNA templates (this DNA made from RNA is called cDNA). The advantage of using cDNA is that in the genome human genes are typically distributed across multiple exons spread over tens or even hundreds of thousands of basepairs of DNA. Such a massive segment of DNA is extremely hard to manipulate and far too large to insert into a plasmid. However, in cDNA, all the introns have been spliced out (because cDNA is made from mature mRNA). To isolate a particular gene from cDNA, PCR is often used to selectively amplify one gene's cDNA using specific primers. To insert the amplified cDNA into a plasmid, the traditional approach was to use restriction enzymes - enzymes that cut precise DNA sequences. The great thing about many restriction enzymes is that they cut DNA but leave behind "sticky ends". Thus if you cut both your cDNA and a plasmid with a particular restriction enzyme, the resulting sticky ends will allow the human cDNA to be taken up by the plasmid (the sticky ends will mesh). The sticky ends will have to be sealed by an enzyme called DNA ligase. However, there are other ways these days - often involving recombination to insert the PCR product directly into a plasmid without resorting to restriction enzymes and ligations.
How does a human insulin genes become part of a plasmid?
1. Scientists remove plasmids, small rings of DNA, from bacterial cells. 2. An enzyme cuts open the plasmid DNA. The same enzyme removes the human insulin gene from its chromosome. 3. The human insulin gene attaches the open ends of the plasmid to form a closed ring. 4. Some bacterial cells take up the plasmids that have the insulin gene. 5. When cells reproduce, the news cells will contain copies of the engineered plasmid. The foreign gene directs the cell to produce human insulin.
Human DNA is spliced into the?
human DNA are spliced into plasmid
To produce transgenic bacteria that make insulin what step did researchers have to take first?
Use a restriction enzyme to cut the insulin gene from human DNA. 5175286717
Whay is then enzyme in human saliva?
The enzyme in human saliva is Amylase.
What is the similarities and difference between the bacteria and human cells?
a human cells have DNA and bacteria has plasmid
Can genetic engineering techniques treat cystic fibrosis?
Yes, there are two similar techniques in which i am aware of.AdenovirusesFirstly adenoviruses are made harmless by interefering with a gene involved in replication. A healthy from of the CFTR gene is extracted and cut with restriction endonucleases, the same enzyme is used to cut a bacterial plasmid. The gene and plasmid are mixed together along with DNA ligase to anneal the phosphosugar framework of the DNA fragment and bacterial plasmid. The plasmid is then mixed with epithelial cells. The plasmid is then isolated and purified and places into adenoviruses. These are then placed onto the nostrils of individuals with cystic fibrosis. The viruses find their way to epithelial cells in the airways and injected their DNA. The DNA contains the functional CFTR gene, the cells can then produce fucntional CFTR proteins.LiposomesA healthy gene is extracted from a human. This gene is then inserted into a bacterial plasmid, in a similar manner as discussed above. The bacterial plasmids are then inserted into bacteria. These are allowed to grow and divide, producing large quantities of the plasmid, with the required gene. These plasmids are then extracted and coated in a lipid soluble substance. They are then put into nasal sprays and sprayed onto the nostrils of effected individuals.
A plasmid that contains a gene for human growth hormone is and example of what?
recombinant dna
