Natural selection is still happening to humans, but it takes thousands of years to notice big changes, which is why it may seem like it isn't happening at all. But trust me, it is.
On average, if you look back in our history, one thing humans have done on average, especially in the Black and Caucasian races, is they have gotten taller. The average height of a human female, for example, about 300 years ago was 5'2'', and now average is about 5'5''.
These are called adaptations.
About 99.9% of all educated scientists. The field of biology could no longer progress without the understanding of evolution via natural selection.
There is no " what do I understand by the term evolution. " Evolution is the change in allele frequency over time in a population of organisms. This is a observed and observable fact. It is no longer Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection, but has had over 150 years of modification and improvement to become the modern synthesis. A short definition of natural selection. " The non-random survival of randomly replicating organisms. "
Extinction is part of the Theory of Evolution. This goes along with natural selection and survival of the fittest. Organisms that go extinct do so because they are no longer able to survive in the habitat.
Natural selection is where an animal changes over a period of time to adapt to it's environment. For example a giraffe might not have a long enough neck to reach the top leaves on a tree so over many generations the neck becomes longer and longer until it can reach those leaves. This ties in with evolution because the giraffe is evolving to cope with it's environment.
Darwinists believe in evolution through the process of Natural Selection. Natural Selection is when a species changes over time because of a useful trait. For example, a species of hummingbirds with short beaks move to an area with longer flowers. By chance a hummingbird is born with a longer beak and can reach into the flower very easily to get nectar. The birds with long beaks then have an advantage and will, over time, outnumber the short beaked birds.
A. It is no longer Darwin's theory as the theory of evolution by natural selection has been modified and added to since Darwin's day. Still, Darwin would recognize the theory as it stands today. B. Science does not " prove " things as that is a mathematical concept. Science supports it's theories with overwhelming amounts of converging evidence. That said, the theory of evolution by natural selection has been upheld scientifically for over 150 years and had withstood many tests and challenges. The theory of evolution by natural selection ios the bedrock upon which modern biology is built.
It is no longer Darwin's theory, as Darwin has been dead about 130 years. There are no credible alternatives to the modern theory of evolution by natural selection. So, the differences is; the theory of evolution by natural selection is supported by myriad lines of converging evidence and explains the natural phenomenon that is evolution very well. The " conflicting theories " have no evidence supporting them and explain nothing.
The trait, 'to live longer ', would only be selected for in individuals if it was reproductively successful. Then the alleles for living longer would be more frequently represented in the population of these animals.
Natural selection likely favored individuals of Eohippus that were better adapted to their environment, such as those with longer limbs for faster running to evade predators or with teeth suited for browsing on tough vegetation. Over time, these advantageous traits became more common in the population while less beneficial traits were minimized, leading to the evolution of the species.
It does not matter to the truth whether I am in favor of it or not. The theory of evolution by natural selection is not only no longer Darwin's it is supported by myriad line of converging evidence and explains much about the fact of evolution. No other explanation comes close. The question is ill posed and smacks of religious thinking that does not understand science or even logical analysis.
Some have thought so because natural selection was seen to reduce variation by culling unsuccessful phenotypes so that alleles did not change over time in populations. This is no longer thought as much as the rates of mutation are better understood and known to outpace natural selection and that adaptive change can accommodate more than one successful phenotype so that many allels can be fixed in populations gene pools.