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Why is sulfuric acid rather than hydrochloric acid used to catalyze the dehydration of alcohols?
Wiki User
∙ 11y ago
in a dehydration the alcohol becomes charged (R-OH2+) then it can leave (a double bond is formed) the acid provides the extra H+ for the alcohol. then the resulting anion (HSO4- or H2PO4-) can do the elimination reaction creating the double bond. HCL still provides the H+and still could do the elimination, but could also (more likely) just substitute giving R-Cl and not the double bond desired.
Wiki User
∙ 11y ago
Sulfuric acid is a stronger acid than hydrochloric acid, making it more effective in catalyzing the dehydration of alcohols. Sulfuric acid also has the advantage of being a highly soluble liquid, which simplifies the reaction process. Additionally, sulfuric acid is commonly used due to its low cost and availability in the laboratory setting.
Wiki User
∙ 9y agoThis depends on the specific application involved.
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Is concentrated hydrochloric acid a suitable acid for alcohol dehydration?
Yes, concentrated hydrochloric acid can be used for alcohol dehydration reactions. It can act as a dehydrating agent by removing water molecules from alcohols, leading to the formation of alkene products. However, caution must be taken when working with concentrated hydrochloric acid due to its corrosive nature and potential hazards.
What acids are capable of drawing water out of an object?
Hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and phosphoric acid are all examples of acids that are capable of drawing water out of an object through a process called dehydration.
What is a suffix for acid?
One common suffix for acids is "-ic" (e.g., hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid).
Is sulfuric acid hyrdrochloric acid?
No, sulfuric acid is not hydrochloric acid. Sulfuric acid has the chemical formula H2SO4, while hydrochloric acid has the chemical formula HCl. They are two distinct acids with different chemical properties and uses.
Please name 3 different acids and note their chemical formula?
hydrochloric acid (HCl)Sulfuric acid (H2SO4)Nitric Acid (HNO3)
How sulfuric acid is benificial as compair to hydrochloric acid?
Sulfuric acid can be far more concentrated (up to 97%) compared to hydrochloric acid (up to 40%). This makes it an effective dehydrating acid whereas HCl contains too much water to dehydrate compounds like alcohols.
Is concentrated hydrochloric acid a suitable acid for alcohol dehydration?
Yes, concentrated hydrochloric acid can be used for alcohol dehydration reactions. It can act as a dehydrating agent by removing water molecules from alcohols, leading to the formation of alkene products. However, caution must be taken when working with concentrated hydrochloric acid due to its corrosive nature and potential hazards.
How does sulfuric acid catalyze the preparation of esters Could some other acid be used?
Sulfuric acid catalyzes the preparation of esters by protonating the carbonyl group of the carboxylic acid, making it more electrophilic for nucleophilic attack by the alcohol. Other strong acids like hydrochloric acid or phosphoric acid can also be used as catalysts for the esterification reaction, but sulfuric acid is preferred due to its strong acidity and low cost.
What are the four most important industrial acids?
Sulfuric acid, Hydrochloric acid, Nitric acid, Phosphoric Acid
What is a suffix for acid?
One common suffix for acids is "-ic" (e.g., hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid).
Is hydrochloric acid the same as sulfuric acid?
No, hydrochloric acid (HCl) is a clear, colorless solution of hydrogen chloride in water, whereas sulfuric acid (H2SO4) is a strong mineral acid that is oily, viscous, and highly corrosive. Both acids are used in various industrial applications but have different chemical compositions and properties.
Is sulfuric acid hydrochloric acid?
No, these are two different chemicals. Hydrochloric acid, or hydrogen chloride, is a compound of hydrogen and chlorine. Sulfuric acid, is a compound of hydrogen, sulfur, and oxygen.
Please name 3 different acids and note their chemical formula?
hydrochloric acid (HCl)Sulfuric acid (H2SO4)Nitric Acid (HNO3)
Will sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid corrode aluminum?
Yes, both sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid can corrode aluminum. However, hydrochloric acid is generally considered less aggressive towards aluminum compared to sulfuric acid. The rate of corrosion depends on factors such as concentration, temperature, and exposure time.
Can sulfuric acid neutralize hydrochloric acid?
Yes, sulfuric acid can neutralize hydrochloric acid because it is a strong acid that can donate protons to form water and a salt. When mixed together, they react to form water and a salt, effectively neutralizing each other.
If you start with 20 grams of hydrochloric acid how many grams of sulfuric acid will be produced?
Non!!!! They are two different substances/acids. The formulas for sulphuric acid is H2SO4 and for hydrochloric acid (HCl). With the exception of the hydrogens all the other elements present in the two difference acids are different.
Is sucrose soluble in sodium hydroxide sodium bicarbonate hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid?
No. Sort of. Sodium hydroxide and bicarbonate are both solids and without water cannot dissolve sucrose. Sucrose is not terribly reactive to alkali, least of all bicarbonate. Aqueous solutions of hydrochloric and sulfuric acids can, but not for long. The strong acid will catalyze the inversion (hydrolysis) of the sucrose to yield 1 mole equivalent each of glucose and fructose. Concentrated HCl (36-28%) will dissolve sucrose, but with the same caveat listed above. Concentrated sulfuric (98%) will cause the immediate dehydration of the sucrose to remove the "hydrate" or water to yield the "carbo" or carbon part (of the carbohydrate). The water will leave as steam whilst the carbon grows out of the vessel. A striking and classical demonstration. So yes...and no.
