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nitro group is very electronegative,so it withdraws electron from the benzene ring so as to destabalize the carbocations in the ortho- and para- position.
Nitro group is also fairly bulky so steric hinderance limits the formation of ortho product.ok?
Wiki User
∙ 11y ago
The nitro group is a meta director because it stabilizes the negative charge that forms on the benzene ring during electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions by resonance delocalization. This resonance effect directs the incoming electrophile to the meta position on the benzene ring.
Wiki User
∙ 12y agoThe oxygens attached to the nitrogen are more electronegative and are electron hogs. This effect causes a partial charge on the oxygen. Adding to the ring in the ortho or para fashion would create a molecule with a resonance structure that placed a positive charge on the nitro carbon. This means two adjacent carbons would have positive charges - which is undesirable. Adding in the meta fashion however, the intermediate does not place a positive charge on the nitro carbon. Adding meta has more valid resonance structures in this case, so the nitro group is a deactivating meta director. However, nitrogen groups are not always meta directors. NH2 for example causes nitrogen to have a partial negative charge and is therefore an activating ortho/para director. So, be careful with nitrogen groups. Also note, that Friedel Crafts chemistry does not work with nitrogen groups, that act as meta directors.
Wiki User
∙ 10y agoDraw Benzoic Acid. Once you've drawn it look at the carboxylic acid functional group. You'll notice that the O and OH being more electrophilic would inductivley move electron density away from the carbon and the benzene ring. Electron withdrawing groups draw charge in such a way that the positive charge on the bezene ring moves to every position but the meta position.
In the case of an Electron donating group the negative charge donated by the group moves in such a way to land on the meta and para positions meaning they have more electron density then the meta position allowing a reaction to more readily occur.
Wiki User
∙ 13y agothis is because the nitro group on the benzene ring is electron withdrawing and hence it directs incoming group towards meta position .
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Why nitrobenzene in the meta position?
Nitrobenzene typically favors substitution in the meta position due to the strong electron-withdrawing nature of the nitro group. This group directs incoming electrophiles to the meta position by decreasing electron density at the ortho and para positions through resonance effects.
Is Ortho-nitrobenzoic acid more acidic than meta-nitrobenzoic acid?
Yes, ortho-nitrobenzoic acid is more acidic than meta-nitrobenzoic acid due to the presence of the nitro group at the ortho position, which stabilizes the conjugate base through resonance, making it easier to donate a proton.
Activating and deactivating group of Ortho para and meta director groups Explain?
Ortho, para, and meta-directing groups are electron-donating or electron-withdrawing substituents in aromatic compounds. Activating groups increase the electron density on the ring, making it more reactive towards electrophilic substitution. Deactivating groups reduce the electron density on the ring, making it less reactive. The specific positions favored for substitution (ortho, para, or meta) depend on the nature of the substituent and its effects on the ring.
Why nitro group is formed on ortho and para position?
The nitro group is formed on the ortho and para positions due to the presence of resonance stabilization. This resonance allows the negative charge to be delocalized in the aromatic ring, making these positions more favorable for the electrophilic substitution by the nitro group. Additionally, steric hindrance and the stability of the resulting intermediate also play a role in directing the nitro group to these positions.
What is derivative of m-dinitrobenzene?
The derivative of m-dinitrobenzene is 3,5-dinitrobenzene. It has nitro groups at the meta positions on the benzene ring.
Reactive sites of 2-nitro toluene?
The most reactive site of 2-nitro toluene is its 4th position which is para to methyl group and meta to nitro group.
Activating and deactivating group of Ortho para and meta director groups Explain?
Ortho, para, and meta-directing groups are electron-donating or electron-withdrawing substituents in aromatic compounds. Activating groups increase the electron density on the ring, making it more reactive towards electrophilic substitution. Deactivating groups reduce the electron density on the ring, making it less reactive. The specific positions favored for substitution (ortho, para, or meta) depend on the nature of the substituent and its effects on the ring.
How to convert benzene to 4-bromonitrobenzene?
You are trying to make a para compound, so the trick here is to recognize that bromine is an ortho-para director (albeit a weak one) and nitro is a meta director. Therefore, you want to add the bromine first and then the nitro. Doing the reaction in reverse order will result in the meta product. Your reaction pathway is: 1) Benzene + Br2 + FeBr3 => Bromobenzene 2) Bromobenzene + HNO3 + H2SO4 (catalytic) => 1,2 bromonitrobenzene + 1,4 bromonitrobenzene
Which is more acidic phenol or para-chloro phenol?
Phenol. Anisole doesn't have any acidic protons.
What is the different between benzene and nitro benzene?
Nitrobenzene has a nitro group.Benzene lacks that group
Why ortho benzoic acid is more acidic than para osomer?
Nitro group (-NO2), having -I and -R effect, is an electron withdrawing and deactivating group. Due to both these effects, it decreases electron density around the -COOH group of substituted(ortho, meta & para) benzoic acids and releases H+ ions, making these acidic. The nitrobenzoic acid which releases H+ group more easily is the most acidic. Due to ortho effect, ortho acids are more acidic than all other substituted acids(even if an electron donating group is present at the ortho position. The only exception is -NH2 group, in which ortho- aminobenzoic acid is NOT the strongest acid). Regarding acidity of meta and para acids, consider I and R effects. Inductive effects of meta and para acids reduce electron density around -COOH group, whereas resonance does not occur at meta position. It only occurs at para position, making the nitro group at para position a more strong withdrawer of electrons. Thus para-nitro benzoic acid is more acidic than meta-nitro benzoic acid. In short, the higher acidity of p-nitrobenzoic acid compared to m-nitrobenzoic acid is attributed to its -I and -R effect.
Why nitro group is formed on ortho and para position?
The nitro group is formed on the ortho and para positions due to the presence of resonance stabilization. This resonance allows the negative charge to be delocalized in the aromatic ring, making these positions more favorable for the electrophilic substitution by the nitro group. Additionally, steric hindrance and the stability of the resulting intermediate also play a role in directing the nitro group to these positions.
What are the functional groups of nifedipine?
amine group ester nitro group
Why nitration of nitrobenzene is difficult than nitration of benzene?
Nitration of nitrobenzene is more difficult because the nitro group is an electron-withdrawing group, making the nitrobenzene less reactive towards electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions. In contrast, benzene is more reactive because it does not have any electron-withdrawing groups attached to it.
What would you expect the structure of the dinitro ester to be?
A dinitro ester would likely have the nitro groups (-NO2) attached to the ester functional group through single bonds. The structure would contain two nitro groups bonded to the carbon atom in the ester group, each with an oxygen atom attached to a nitrogen atom.
What nitro girl means?
Nitro Girls were a group of females in World Championship Wrestling who danced around and some of them occasionally wrestled or were valets for wrestlers
What is mechanism for synthesis of p nitroacetanilide?
The reaction type is EAS (Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution). When dealing with aromatic substitutions you have to take into consideration what positions the different types of substitutes prefer. In this situation you are dealing with Nitro-groups (NO2), which are said to prefer meta. The mechanic itself is quite simple, you have to start out by figuring out the product of the reaction between the acids, which generate the nitro-group. What happens when you add H2SO4 and HNO3 together? (These are the most commonly used reagents in this reaction). You know that one nitro group is generated, the rest is simple. Just remember the ion from sulfur acid, this will play a key role later on. So NO2 groups are meta-positioning, thus the double bond from the aromat will attack NO2+. After that you draw the resonance, and finish with a hydrogen being attacked by the ion from sulfuric acid, returning the double bond and giving you your product.
