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To enable you to read the level the fluid has reached
The thermometer consists of a very fine glass tube having a very small bore and is called capillary tube. At one end of capillary tube a very thin glass bulb is provided. The bulb is filled with mercury( most of the times) or alcohol The other end of capillary tube is sealed. The capillary tube is protected by a thick glass tube called stem. On the stem are made markings. These markings are called graduations or degrees.
The small cross section of a clinical thermometer is there to reduce the amount needed of the toxic mercury to as little as possible. Mercury is less used nowadays, as breakages were likely due to the violent shaking needed to 'reset' the thermometer.
The globe is the outer glass shell. The shaped coil inside is the filament. Wires and the stem support the filament inside the bulb. There are gases within the light bulb to prevent it from burning out. And the base is to securely support the bulb.
A clinical thermometer measures the max temp of the human body due to the expansion of the mercury in the bulb, which flows past a kink in the column and rises in the graduated stem, to read the highest body-temp. Once it is removed from the body, the mercury stays at that level, and does not fall because it cannot flow back into the bulb -- the kink prevents the back flow. It has to be shaken vigorously, as you know, for us to get the mercury back; then it is ready to take the temp again.. Also, the temp cannot rise further on its own from the max reading because the mercury does not expand the moment the thermometer is taken out of the body. Incidentally, temp can be measured under the armpits and in the rectum also.
So you can read it more easily.
The stem of the thermometer is not perfectly round for two reasons. One so it will not roll off and fall, and two, the flat area acts as a magnifying glass to make the hollow shaft in the stem appear larger.
To enable you to read the level the fluid has reached
Two advantage and two disadvantage of using alcohol and Mercury for thermome Two advantage and two disadvantage of using alcohol and Mercury for thermometer
because it is cheap and it does not expand on heating therfore it doesnt break
using a thin capillary bore using a thick glass stem
They appear to be a vintage 1930's trumpet shaped, short stem sherry glass.
The thermometer consists of a very fine glass tube having a very small bore and is called capillary tube. At one end of capillary tube a very thin glass bulb is provided. The bulb is filled with mercury( most of the times) or alcohol The other end of capillary tube is sealed. The capillary tube is protected by a thick glass tube called stem. On the stem are made markings. These markings are called graduations or degrees.
There are several ways:use a liquid whose coefficient of thermal expansion is near constant,use a liquid with low vapour pressure,use a bulb with a relatively larger bulb and thinner stem,calibrate the thermometer carefully.
Its wear there is no rubber gromet for the stem and bowl, with a glass-on-glass setup the bowl and stem are 'frosted' and fit together withour a rubber seal
Because Mercury expands in heat, it is more accurate than other elements used in thermometers.
A stem thermometer is used to measure the internal temperatures of foods, especially meats. Stem thermometers have a "stem" that is inserted into the food and a flat round "face" at the top that may be digital or dail. Candy thermometers are used to measure the heat of candy while it is cooking. They are large straight tubes similar to thermometers used to take body temperature. They have a clip that enables the cook to clip it to the pan.