The Menorah with seven holders was in the Holy Temple (Beit Hamikdash). Our Hanukkah-menorahs have eight holders (plus one for the candle used to light the others), to mark the eight days of the miracle.
The Seleucids (Syrian-Greeks) under Antiochus Epiphanes (2nd century BCE), at the instigation of the Hellenizers, had forbidden various Torah-practices in Judea, such as Sabbath-observance and circumcision, rededicated the Temple to a Greek idol, and pressed the Jews to offer up idolatrous sacrifices. Despite being heavily outnumbered, the Hasmoneans (a family of religious Jews) fought to retake the Holy Temple, which had been seized by the Seleucids, and to enable the people to once again observe the Torah. The Hasmoneans (also called Maccabees) were miraculously victorious. When they reached the Temple grounds, they immediately reconsecrated it to God. As part of this action, they relit the Menorah (Exodus ch.25), which was fueled with olive oil. However, it soon became apparent that there was only sufficient oil to keep the candelabra burning for one single day - and it would take eight days to make and bring some more.
Miraculously, the menorah stayed lit for eight days (Talmud, Shabbat 21b), allowing enough time for new oil to be prepared and brought.
The significance of the miracle is that it demonstrated that God's presence still dwelt in the Holy Temple. This is what Hanukkah represents: the closeness to God; and the avoidance of Hellenization (assimilation).
The Torah Sages instituted the festival of Hanukkah at that time (Talmud, Shabbat 21b), to publicize the miracle (Rashi commentary, ibid). This is why we light our Hanukkah-menorahs.
(The Hanukkah-menorah, or hanukkiyah, is a special form of the original seven-branched menorah. Our Hanukkah-menorahs have eight spaces for oil, or candles, to mark each of the eight days for which the oil lasted and a ninth to hold the shamash, a candle used to light the others.)
The Al-Hanisim prayer which we recite during Hanukkah centers around the Hasmoneans' victory and rededication of the Temple, while the candle-lighting commemorates the miracle of the oil.
Though the military victory is prominently mentioned in the prayers, it wouldn't have been celebrated if not for the miracle of the oil. It should also be noted that the main goal for which the Maccabees fought was not political independence. They fought to enable the people to observe the Torah's commandments; as we say in the Al Hanisim prayer: "the Greeks sought to cause us to forget Your Torah and leave Your statutes."
there are 8 candles
the Menorah
If you are asking if there are names for the seven branches of the menorah, there aren't.
A menorah has 7 branches, to represent the 7 days of Creation. (There is also a specialized menorah for Hanukkah, called a Hanukkiyah, which has 9 branches, but there is nothing with 6 or 8 branches.)
The menorah
A menorah can have any design or words on it. It depends on the menorah. There is no rule about this.
It is hard to know exactly what the first candle holder would have looked like. Candles have been around for many centuries helping to light the way in the dark.One of the earlier candle holders is represented by menorah which has seven or sometimes nine holders for candles.
The Menorah - The menorah is the oldest symbol of the Jewish faith. It is the seven branched candelabra that stood in the Temple.
The menorah of the Holy Temple had 7 oil lamps (Exodus ch.25). However the specialized Hanukkah menorah (Chanukiah) has 9 candles.
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The menorah in the Tabernacle (Exodus ch.25) was a seven-branched candelabrum, symbolizing the 7 days of creation. Another type, called a Hanukkiyah (Hanukkah-menorah) has 9 branches and is only used on Hanukkah.