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Note about the spelling: Kirchhoff has a double "f". Basically, Kirhhoff's Laws are valid under a wide variety of situations. Specifically, you can use them in both parallel and series circuits, and in more complicated cases (such as multiple current loops). In the case of parallel circuits:

  • Kirchhoff's Voltage Law tells us that the voltage between the two endpoints is the same, no matter what route is taken.
  • Kirchhoff's Current Law tells us that the sum of the currents in the different branches must be equal to the total current before (or after) the parallel branching.

About the question, "why use these laws?" - basically, because they help us figure out the circuit.

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