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The high energy density (i.e. the relatively large amount of

energy released per unit of mass) of fat stores is due to three main factors.

1) The completely reduced carbons of fatty acids have a higher energy content than the

partially oxidized carbons of carbohydrates and proteins.

2) The fortuitous fact that the reduced carbons have covalent bonds to light atoms (hydrogen rather than to the heavier oxygen) means that the fully reduced hydrocarbon compounds are

lighter than the partially oxidized carbohydrates.

3) Lipids are hydrophobic molecules and therefore fat stores contain little water, which would add to the weight of the molecules without adding to the energy content.

Hope that helps.

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Q: Why lipids have such a high energy content?
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