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By vector addition
Velocity indicates direction in addition to speed.
Velocity measures speed and direction.
Its either reality based (vertical is up-down, horizontal is ground distance) or it's purely arbitrary.
more than one direction
By vector addition
Calculations with forces. Often these have to be calculated as vectors, i.e., the direction of the force is taken into account. You should do some reading on vector addition; however, the basic idea is that you can think of the vector as an arrow drawn on paper; the length is proportional (in this case) to the force, the direction indicates the direction. A common tool is to separate the vector (the arrow) into horizontal and vertical components. That way, you can easily add two or more vectors. This requires some trigonometry (or the special functions of your calculator, for rectangular-->polar, and polar-->rectangular conversion).Calculations with forces. Often these have to be calculated as vectors, i.e., the direction of the force is taken into account. You should do some reading on vector addition; however, the basic idea is that you can think of the vector as an arrow drawn on paper; the length is proportional (in this case) to the force, the direction indicates the direction. A common tool is to separate the vector (the arrow) into horizontal and vertical components. That way, you can easily add two or more vectors. This requires some trigonometry (or the special functions of your calculator, for rectangular-->polar, and polar-->rectangular conversion).Calculations with forces. Often these have to be calculated as vectors, i.e., the direction of the force is taken into account. You should do some reading on vector addition; however, the basic idea is that you can think of the vector as an arrow drawn on paper; the length is proportional (in this case) to the force, the direction indicates the direction. A common tool is to separate the vector (the arrow) into horizontal and vertical components. That way, you can easily add two or more vectors. This requires some trigonometry (or the special functions of your calculator, for rectangular-->polar, and polar-->rectangular conversion).Calculations with forces. Often these have to be calculated as vectors, i.e., the direction of the force is taken into account. You should do some reading on vector addition; however, the basic idea is that you can think of the vector as an arrow drawn on paper; the length is proportional (in this case) to the force, the direction indicates the direction. A common tool is to separate the vector (the arrow) into horizontal and vertical components. That way, you can easily add two or more vectors. This requires some trigonometry (or the special functions of your calculator, for rectangular-->polar, and polar-->rectangular conversion).
Velocity indicates direction in addition to speed.
Velocity measures speed and direction.
Calculations with forces. Often these have to be calculated as vectors, i.e., the direction of the force is taken into account. You should do some reading on vector addition; however, the basic idea is that you can think of the vector as an arrow drawn on paper; the length is proportional (in this case) to the force, the direction indicates the direction. A common tool is to separate the vector (the arrow) into horizontal and vertical components. That way, you can easily add two or more vectors. This requires some trigonometry (or the special functions of your calculator, for rectangular-->polar, and polar-->rectangular conversion).Calculations with forces. Often these have to be calculated as vectors, i.e., the direction of the force is taken into account. You should do some reading on vector addition; however, the basic idea is that you can think of the vector as an arrow drawn on paper; the length is proportional (in this case) to the force, the direction indicates the direction. A common tool is to separate the vector (the arrow) into horizontal and vertical components. That way, you can easily add two or more vectors. This requires some trigonometry (or the special functions of your calculator, for rectangular-->polar, and polar-->rectangular conversion).Calculations with forces. Often these have to be calculated as vectors, i.e., the direction of the force is taken into account. You should do some reading on vector addition; however, the basic idea is that you can think of the vector as an arrow drawn on paper; the length is proportional (in this case) to the force, the direction indicates the direction. A common tool is to separate the vector (the arrow) into horizontal and vertical components. That way, you can easily add two or more vectors. This requires some trigonometry (or the special functions of your calculator, for rectangular-->polar, and polar-->rectangular conversion).Calculations with forces. Often these have to be calculated as vectors, i.e., the direction of the force is taken into account. You should do some reading on vector addition; however, the basic idea is that you can think of the vector as an arrow drawn on paper; the length is proportional (in this case) to the force, the direction indicates the direction. A common tool is to separate the vector (the arrow) into horizontal and vertical components. That way, you can easily add two or more vectors. This requires some trigonometry (or the special functions of your calculator, for rectangular-->polar, and polar-->rectangular conversion).
Vector addition does not follow the familiar rules of addition as applied to addition of numbers. However, if vectors are resolved into their components, the rules of addition do apply for these components. There is a further advantage when vectors are resolved along orthogonal (mutually perpendicular) directions. A vector has no effect in a direction perpendicular to its own direction.
If they are of equal magnitude and opposite direction.
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Stand up and Moments
Its either reality based (vertical is up-down, horizontal is ground distance) or it's purely arbitrary.
Le Chatelier's principle tells you that compression, addition of products or reactants, and temperature can all change the direction of a reaction
when the vectors are not all pointing in the same direction