The phenomenon you describe is caused by the tilt of the earth away from the sun during the Austral Winter.
The Antarctic zone has the coldest winters.
It doesn't, really, much. The effect of apsis is completely swamped by the effect of axial tilt. I believe that southern hemisphere summers tend to be hotter, and southern hemisphere winters colder, than corresponding latitudes in the northern hemisphere due to the date of apsis (early January). But I don't know for certain that this is true.
Each hemisphere has cold winters and hot summers. This is because the seasons are reversed. E.g: In America (Northern Hemisphere) their Christmas is in winter and is very cold, but in Australia (Southern Hemisphere) their Christmas is in Summer and is very hot. See even though they happen at the same time they have completely different climates - the seasons are just reversed.
The climate of a region is affected by its proximity to the sea, where there are mountains in relation to it its position in the hemispheres putting it more or less directly under the sun. its altitude. there are many different things that will effect the climate of a region. but they all boil down to the interaction between the Sun the atmosphere the ocean and the ground.
Yes, they are very similar. Ozone depletion is caused by man (CFCs), and is the overall thinning of the ozone. The "hole" in the ozone layer is over the Antarctic and it is a thinning layer where approximately 66% of the ozone disappears. The hole appears over the Antarctic because ozone needs sunlight to form and the dark and cold Antarctic winters (much colder than Arctic winters) form ideal conditions for ozone depletion and thinning.
In the Southern Hemisphere the winters are warmer than in the Northern Hemisphere.
The Antarctic zone has the coldest winters.
why there is fewer temperate forests in southern hemisphere
The Earth is closer to the Sun by about 3 million miles (5 million km) in January than in July. This would seem to make the summer temperatures hotter in the Southern Hemisphere (and the winters colder). However, this is only true of localized regions. Most of the Southern hemisphere is water, which does not increase in temperature as much as land. The maritime climates of the Southern hemisphere are often cooler during their summer than summer in the continental areas of the Northern hemisphere.
It doesn't, really, much. The effect of apsis is completely swamped by the effect of axial tilt. I believe that southern hemisphere summers tend to be hotter, and southern hemisphere winters colder, than corresponding latitudes in the northern hemisphere due to the date of apsis (early January). But I don't know for certain that this is true.
The Southern Ocean that surrounds Antarctica freezes over during winter. Sea ice tends to concentrate salinity.
The seasons are reversed between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. Scientists who leave the Northern Hemisphere -- in the fall, for example, arrive in the Southern Hemisphere, which is experiencing exactly the opposite season -- spring.
Each hemisphere has cold winters and hot summers. This is because the seasons are reversed. E.g: In America (Northern Hemisphere) their Christmas is in winter and is very cold, but in Australia (Southern Hemisphere) their Christmas is in Summer and is very hot. See even though they happen at the same time they have completely different climates - the seasons are just reversed.
Spruce trees grow better in the northern hemisphere. This is because they need colder winters and they need snowy weather making it easier to grow in the northern hemisphere.
Both hemispheres would experience more extreme seasons ... warmer Summers and colder Winters.
Just about all during some stage of its life - it has the longest migration of any bird - the species breeds in the N hemisphere as far north as the Arctic circle and winters as far south as the Antarctic circle.
Taiga is the largest continental biome. It experiences long, cold winters; short, mild summers; and low precipitation. It is characterized by coniferous forests. Taiga covers most of Canada and Siberia. Taiga is not found in the Southern Hemisphere.