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If we're talking about statistics: There is no superior observational study, each study has its advantages and disadvantages.
confounding factor is defined as the hidden or the factor which distorts the the experimental unit since it difficult to control ,but in case of epidemiology , the factor that alawys involve in experimental and observational study , which is emphasized or focused on life.
criteria for studying epidemiology
Conventional epidemiology is the branch of epidemiology that focuses on the study of the distribution and determinants of health and disease in populations. It involves investigating patterns of disease occurrence, risk factors, and disease outcomes to inform public health actions and interventions. Conventional epidemiology relies on observational studies, surveillance systems, and statistical methods to understand and control diseases.
Observational study
epidemiology is ofcourse, the study of disease and ewpidemiologists often study the diseases in a certain location, area, of community.
in vivo
In an observational study, a scientist will never draw attention to himself or herself. They will also not attempt to randomize a study.
Influence the people in the study
An observational study.
That branch of science which treats of epidemics.
In Vivo