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The key elements are:

an understanding of disease processes (like what a vector is),

knowledge of data or information available (like numnber of infections),

knowing what a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is (to analyze patterns)

and an understanding of social sciences (that can indicate risk factors).

I have not taken courses in this (yet) but I work with MPHs and do data and GIS work for them.

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physician concern with disesase in the individual patient where as the epidemiologist concern with disease pattern in the entire population

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epidemiology is ofcourse, the study of disease and ewpidemiologists often study the diseases in a certain location, area, of community.

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Biostatistics is application of statistical methods in biology, medicine and public health. Epidemiology is the study of patterns of health and illness and associated factors at the population level.

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to improve population health

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The primary role of statistics in epidemiology is to make conclusions about a population of interest when data is only available from a sample. Statistics accounts for the uncertainty.

In epidemiological datasets there are usually measured observations of an occurance of a disease as well as measured indicators of exposure. An epidemiologist may for example be interested in whether exposure (e.g. smoking) increases the risk of disease (e.g. cancer). Information on smoking however may not be available for all people in the population of interest because of limited resources, so an epidemiologist would have to consider taking a sample. An epidemiologist would use a random sample in order to use statistics to to make inference about the association between smoking and cancer in the population. The role of statistics is to determine whether any association that is observed in the random sample is actually a real one. In most cases there will be some association even if it is very small. The role of the statistician is to determine if the association is different than what would occur by chance.

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How do community/public health nurses use epidemiology in their practice?

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Epidemiology is considered as basic science of public health. It is study of health related events in population. It takes into account the pattern & rate of risk of disease in the population. So it is fundamental to the practice of public health.

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Epidemiology is the study of the spread of disease. It helps scientists to predict how far a disease will spread, how much damage it may do, and plan treatment, the creation of vaccines, and so forth. The current preparations for swine flu were a result of epidemiological studies.

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The science which studies the causes and controlling epidemic diseases.

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The ability of lab test to identify correctly those individuals who have disease.

It means that individual having a disease with positive test.

Mohammad Arif

DVM, MSC, MPH

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This is a model this can be used to predict or track the development of an epidemic.

It can often be referred to as the SIR model. Susceptible, Infected, Recovery.

A population is susceptible to a disease, it can then become infected once it catches the disease and then recovers. It may be there is a positive feedback into the susceptible category if the recovered people cannot develop immunity.

Various external factors control the risk of the susceptible populous e.g. exposure, health diet etc. The Infected rate depends upon exposure, type of disease, ease of infection etc. The recovery depends upon the disease. In the most extreme cases of death the populous for mathematical purposes is removed from the recovery category.

If you know your population e.g a school. Then you can enter hypothetical illnesses such as mumps into the model to see how quickly the disease would spread in the school. This can allow you to develop strategies to reduce infection and promote recovery e.g. isolation or washing hands.

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identified the mosquito as the carrier of yellow fever and helped curb its spread.

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This website has to be the most useless site I have encountered.

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The components of epidemiology includes:

Disease frequency, Distribution of disease, Out comes of disease

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Used for surveillance systems in tracking disease trends ie incidence, prevalence, case-fatality ratios etc

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A Ph.D. in a biological science is the minimum education required for most prospective medical scientists, except epidemiologists. However, some medical scientists pursue medical degrees to perform clinical work. Epidemiologists typically need at least a master's degree in public health, but some work requires a Ph.D. or medical degree. A period of postdoctoral work in the laboratory of a senior researcher is becoming increasingly common for medical scientists. For the source and more detailed information concerning your request, click on the related links section indicated below.

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By studying the patterns of health and illness and associated factors at the population as a whole, risks, causes etc can be identified and prevention/action can be implemented.

But with research today, this is already in place and has been for many years.

Heart foundation, smoking/anti smoking, alcohol affects, diabetes, etc etc, these are based on what has been studied, causes found and action has been taken and people are aware of these.

But knowing what is good/bad, knowing the risks, knowing what decreases health or what increases illness will not deter an individual/population. People do what they like as they are entitled to, people will smoke, people will drink, people will have high cholesterol from poor diets, people will continue high fat/high sugar diets, no exercise etc etc even though they know it is not advised for their health.

Just like any country and it's people, not just us Aussies.

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Epidemiology is the study of diseases, especially the incidence and prevalence of diseases, along with tracking of epidemics (as well as endemic diseases).

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Yes...it will make your head hurt....but if u study...day and night you can pass

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it could be EPI, which i also a name of an epidemiological graph (epi-curve)

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P/1-P where 1-P is the prevalence odds. This is true for prevalence values that are bigger.

Prevalence=Incidence rate x Duration (true for small prevalences)

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Epidemiology is a branch of medicine sutying epidemics and the spread of diseases.