because concrete is unpredictable than steel
Partial factor of steel is lower than that of concrete bcoz steel manufactured in a control condition means properties of steel can be varied as per requirement while that of concrete does not depend much on c
ontrol condition
A safety factor is an aspect of design that increases strength or protection beyond that suggested as needed by calculation or other basic assessment. For example, engineering calculations might suggest a bridge needs a certain amount of strength in a support beam. That number would be increased by, perhaps, 20% as a "safety factor" in case it were to be stressed beyond its design or in case some basis for the calculation was in error.A partial safety factor is one of several safety factors applied to the same instance.
Both are meaning the same definition. simply you put factor beyond the safety.
The units of Mpa is N/mm2 so this means that the concrete can resist a compresion forse of 50 newtons spread over 1 mm2 *Note if this value is a measured value a safety factor needs to be applied if it is to be used in construction, this factor are specified in you country's design code
None. Concrete may be formed without metal.If you are reinforcing the concrete with rebar then it depends on what loads the reinforced concrete will have to bear, the dimension of the rebar, the safety factor involved, and lots of other geometric factors.Steel bars quantity will be according to structure element; but a (very) rough average of 120 KG per cubic meter.
is factor of safety of brittle material half of ductile material
because concrete is unpredictable than steel
Concrete is unpredictable compared to steel...
The factor of safety for loads is known as partial safety factor. Partial safety factor=Design load/Characteristicload
A safety factor is an aspect of design that increases strength or protection beyond that suggested as needed by calculation or other basic assessment. For example, engineering calculations might suggest a bridge needs a certain amount of strength in a support beam. That number would be increased by, perhaps, 20% as a "safety factor" in case it were to be stressed beyond its design or in case some basis for the calculation was in error.A partial safety factor is one of several safety factors applied to the same instance.
A safety factor is a number designers use when designing structures. a Higher safety factor is used if the structure undergoes frequent loading. A safety precaution is an act implemented by a human that does not jeoperdize his or her safety
for concrete a F.O.S. upto 3 is used . and for steel 1.75 to 1.85 .. is used.
There is no difference between "factor of safety" and "safety factor." They are two ways of saying the same thing.
Both are meaning the same definition. simply you put factor beyond the safety.
There is no constant value for the ratio of the rebars and concrete volume. The rebars depends on the structural designer's safety factor and the factors affecting the framing like wind, earthquake and soil.
Did you mean what is the factor of safety
The units of Mpa is N/mm2 so this means that the concrete can resist a compresion forse of 50 newtons spread over 1 mm2 *Note if this value is a measured value a safety factor needs to be applied if it is to be used in construction, this factor are specified in you country's design code
factor of safety are usually determined from the past statistics of the working element.