Why the periodic table of elements some of them don't identify the symbol like silver gold iron?

Answer 1

There are a handful or elements whose chemical symbols do not match their English names. In most cases they are very familiar and common elements, and have symbols that match Latin names instead:

Sodium -- Na from Natrium, named after a strongly alkaline lake Natron

Potassium -- K from Kalium, same Arabic root word as alkali

Iron -- Fe from Ferrum

Copper -- Cu from Cuprum (or Cyprus)

Silver -- Ag from Argentum

Antimony -- Sb from Stibium

Gold -- Au from Aurum, and

Mercury -- Hg from Hydrargyrum -- liquid silver

There is one element whose symbol comes from its German name:

Tungsten -- W from Wolfram -- Wolf Rahm = wolf's breath. Our name for it comes from the Swedish Tung Sten = heavy stone.