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Are you referring to the original Intel 8051, or one of the many variants? The 8051 has weak internal pullups on the i/o pins, and can source only about 60 ua, but can sink 1.6 ma, still not much when it comes to driving the led in an opto. Some 8051-based dervatives can sink much more current. Atmel's 89C2051 for instance, can sink up to 20 ma per i/o pin. This can directly drive most optos.

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Q: Why there is no driver circuit needed between 8051 microcontroller and an optoisolater?
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Can you suggest more efficient led driver circuit?

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