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Because digging them up damages or removes a large part of the root system. The transpiration rate of the plant is higher than the amount of water that can be absorbed by the now reduced root system, resulting in the top (or apical) portions of the plant wilting.

Normal practice when transplanting is to remove a reasonable amount of foliage (normally about 1/3) of the the plant, this re-enstates the reasonable "root-shoot" ratio and improves the chances of survival of the plant.
There is water stress associated with transplanting. When you transplant a plant, you shock the roots, and they quit taking up water and nutrients. So, the plant wilts both in response to no longer having a supply of water and to reduce the amount of water lost through the leaves. Wilting reduces the surface area of the leaves.

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12y ago

There is water stress associated with transplanting. When you transplant a plant, you shock the roots, and they quit taking up water and nutrients. So, the plant wilts both in response to no longer having a supply of water and to reduce the amount of water lost through the leaves. Wilting reduces the surface area of the leaves.

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Q: Why transplanted plants often wilt at first?
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