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Mendeleev's Periodic Table was based on the atomic masses of elements. However, this was not effective when isotopes were discovered. An isotope of an element is defined as the element having the same atomic number but varying mass numbers. So, mass numbers weren't constant and hence, a better characteristic was chosen -atomic number. Atomic number of any element was a characteristic of a particular element. Hence atomic numbers were taken as the basis of classification instead of atomic masses.

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Q: Why was basis of classification of element in the periodic table changed from atomic mass to atomic number?
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What is the element of classification for chlorine?

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