Historically, conditions in the Holy Land were harsh for the last two thousand years, and anyone emigrating to there could look forward to a life of poverty and often persecution as well.
The movement is generally called Zionism.
They went, and built the Second Temple.
The city walls were in ruins and the Jews there were suffering because of it.
Many Jews returned to Israel while a large percentage chose to remain in Persia.
Some do. There are, for example, a handful of German Jews who returned to Germany.
Many Jews returned to Israel while a large percentage chose to remain in Persia.
It depends on the exile in question. Most Jews that wanted to returned to Land of Israel after the exile in Babylonia on account of Cyrus the Great. Many Jews have returned to Israel in the last 150 years from the Roman Exiling of the Jews nearly 2000 years ago. However, not all Jews have returned home after exile in both cases.
No.
Here the prophet Isaiah said that the king Cyrus would give a decree allowing the Jews to return home from captivity.
it was there promised land
The majority did not return to Israel (judea). Their places of exile were relatively comfortable at the time, while conditions in Judea were very difficult as can be seen from the books of Ezra and Nehemiah.
The Babylonians.