A major reason was that the US Air Force opposed missile development, fearing it might impact funding of the new heavy bomber aircraft they wanted. Piloting bombers over enemy territory was seen as more prestigious than just pressing a launch button. The Soviet military had no such prejudice.
Russia, however, American technology was/is much more advanced.
Western Europe is more technologically advanced than Russia.
Germany had more advanced weapons than Russia and they were poorly supplied.
The quality of life in the 1950s was different from today in several ways. In the 1950s, there were fewer technological advancements, less diversity, and limited opportunities for women and minorities. Today, we have more advanced technology, greater diversity, and more opportunities for all individuals. Overall, quality of life has improved in many aspects since the 1950s.
In terms of national morale, no doubt it was discouraging to Russia and to Russians that it was the US which was the first to the moon, rather than their own supposedly more advanced communist utopia. However, Russia had much more serious problems to worry about, such as the failed war in Afghanistan, the faltering Russian economy, etc., and I doubt that the space race in the end had much of a role in the collapse of the USSR.
Yes size affects the population because the more space Russia has the more people are going to want to live there.
Technology is always changing dramatically. During WW2, many new things were invented for the war effort, so the in the 1950s there was more advanced technology than before the war. Such as televisions being introduced into homes, and the use of plastic becoming more popular.
Russia is further away from the equator, which gives them less power from the rotation of the Earth. This make Russia need to use more power to lift their space vehicles into orbit.
It was first used in space by a more advanced alien species.
The Americans have more advanced technology, we have more intelligence and more firepower than the Russians.
The current International Space Station (ISS) is a joint project involving multiple countries and has been continuously inhabited since 2000. It is larger, more technologically advanced, and serves as a platform for scientific research in various fields. Previous space stations, such as Russia's Mir and the United States' Skylab, were smaller, had shorter operational lifespans, and were not as internationally collaborative.
If Russia was more technologically advanced, the war would've been over much sooner.