The Greek defensive strategy to defeat the Persian invasion was to first defeat the Persian war fleet which so threatened the Greek city-states with amphibious attacke that they kept their armies at home to defend their city. This enabled the Persians army to pick off each city in succession rather than face the full force of a combined army.
So the Greek stated decided to first destroy the Persian fleet to both remove the threat and allow their forces to join up to oppose the Persian land force, and to remove the fleet protection of the shipping supply line which sustained the Persian army from Asia Minor.
To force a sea battle in constricted waters which neutralised the numerical and size superiority of the Persian fleet, they held the pass at Thermopylai to force the Persians to break the impass by a sea battle in the nearby strait in order to outflank the position. The pass held for three days, while naval engagements went on in the strait. Unfortunately for the Greeks, they got the worst of it and withdrew their fleet.
With no reason to hold the pass, the city army contingents were sent off home. To delay the Persiancavalry from riding them down in oven country, the Spartan contingent continued to hold on to let them get away and was anihilated.
The Spartans and the Persians
Well, they were not apes or dolphins who fought the battle.
The Spartans fought the Persians at the Battle of Thermopylae .
It was fought to protect the Spartan and Greek homeland from the invading Persian Empire.
Thermopylae.480 BCE.
The Battle of Thermopylae is the historical name for the battle where the 300 Spartans fought.
The Battle of Marathon, the Battle of Salamis, and the Battle of Thermopylae were fought between Greek city-states and invading Persian Empire forces in the early Fifth Century BCE.
The Battle of Marathon, the Battle of Salamis, and the Battle of Thermopylae were fought between Greek city-states and invading Persian Empire forces in the early Fifth Century BCE.
Thermopylae is the pass where the Spartans fought the Persians. The Athenians simultaneously fought the Persians in the battle of Salamis (a naval battle)
The "300" were Spartan hoplite soldiers led by their king Leonidas who fought at the battle of Thermopylae .
The Athenian navy was part of the southern Greek fleet which fought the sea battle at Artemesion in the strait next to the pass of Thermopylae. The Athenian component was commanded by Themistocles.
The battle of Thermopylae was fought between Greek mainland cities led by Sparta and a Persian invading army. If you have ever seen the movie 300 that's what it is. But there were also about 5,000 non-Spartan troops with the Spartans.