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The English Civil War was a series of conflicts between the "Roundheads" (named for the round helmets they wore in battle). The Roundheads were led by Oliver Cromwell. They wanted a greater role for Parliament in the government of the country, whereas the "Caveliers" supported the absolute rule of the monarch.

They believed in the "Divine Right of Kings", asserting that the King or Queen had been directly appointed by God.

The Caveliers got their name in honor of Prince Rupert, commander of Charles I's cavalry. He is considered the original Cavelier (swashbuckling horseman).

The English Civil War lasted from 1641-1652. Charles I was executed on 30th Jan 1649 at the height of the war and his son Charles II was exiled.

After Oliver Cromwell's death, Charles II returned from exile and the monarchy was restored.

Just a minor correction to the above- Charles II didn't return from exile after OLIVER Cromwell's death, Oliver handed power over to his son Thomas when he died in 1658, but Thomas only lived until 1660 and it was THEN that King Charles II was restored to the throne.

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Q: Why was there a civil war in Stuart England?
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