Bloody Mary

Bloody Mary is a children's street legend, usually that the ghost of a local woman, named Mary, will appear and kill you if you say her name three times while looking in a mirror.

There are many variations of the legend, including that it has to be a bathroom mirror, or varying the number of times the name must be spoken.

None of them are true! You can say "Bloody Mary" as many or as few times as you wish, while looking or not looking in any kind of a mirror and NOTHING WILL HAPPEN.

Bloody Mary is also a name given (by her opponents) to Queen Mary I of England. She was called this because under her reign, almost 300 so-called heretics were executed or burned at the stake for refusing to follow her religious beliefs.

The Mary Worth (also known as Bloody Mary, Mary Margaret, etc) story is popular at sleepovers. As the story goes, a beautiful young girl named Mary Worth was in some sort of terrible accident (or occasionally the wounds are inflicted purposely by a jealous party), and her face was hideously deformed. From then on, she is shunned by other people, and she sometimes becomes a witch.

King Henry VIII was the youngest son of two who succeeded his brother, Prince Arthur, the Prince of Wales, who died at a premature age at fifteen, shortly after his marriage to his wife, Catherine of Aragon, the Princess of Spain. Henry VIII had a great fear of leaving England without an heir so his desperate hunt for a wife who could give him a wife resulted in him having six wives.

His six wives (in order) as are follows:

Catherine of Aragon. Princess Catherine of Aragon was the youngest child of Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile. She had powerful connections to power in Spain, seeing as her nephew was Charles V, the Holy Roman Emperor. After twenty-four years of marriage, Henry VIII had their marriage annulled set off a chain of events that led to England's break with the Roman Catholic Church. When Henry was the head of the Church of England, he made his first marriage invalid on the legal ground that a man could not sleep with his brother's widow.

Anne Boleyn. Anne Boleyn was part of one of the most powerful and most influential families at the time - the Boleyns and Howards. Anne was the daughter of Sir Thomas Boleyn and Lady Elizabeth Howard. As a child, Anne was sent to the Netherlands and then to France for her education. She returned to England in late 1521. Upon her appearance in court, Henry VIII became enamoured of Anne and began to pursue her - Anned parried his advances and told him that she would not become his mistress, but his wife. And it was because of this that Henry VIII annulled his marriage to Catherine of Aragon in order to marry Anne. When Pope Clement VII did not approve of this annulment, the rift between King Henry VIII and the Roman Catholic Church began. It was along and hard struggle to make Anne queen, but on the first of June in 1533, Anne was crowned the Queen of England. Later that year, she gave birth to a girl that would later become Queen Elizabeth I of England. And like Catherine of Aragon, she failed to produce a living male heir, which proved her downfall - she was beheaded in 1536 on the unconvincing charges of adultery (with the other gentlemen that visited her rooms), incest (with her brother, George Boleyn), and high treason. The men also accused of having sex with the queen, among them her own brother, were also beheaded.

Jane Seymour. Jane Seymour was the third queen and wife of King Henry VIII. He married her shortly after the death of Anne Boleyn. There were no conflicts between the king and his new queen, and Jane Seymour managed to produce a male heir, who would later become King Edward VI, who later died prematurely from tuberculosis, but there were some complications in the birth and she died on childbed due to postnatal complications.

Anne of Cleves. Anne of Cleves was the fourth wife of Henry VIII. She was the second daughter of John III, ruler of the Duchy of Cleves, and his wife, Maria, the Duchess of Julich-Berg. Her father died in 1538 and her brother William became the Duke of Julich-Cleve-Berg. It was an alliance with the King of England, King Henry VIII, and Germany that caused their marriage - it was also urged onto him by King Henry's chancelor, Thomas Cromwell. Anne also had a younger sister, Amelia, whom the king was also considering to be his fourth wife. He hired and sent a painter to the girls' home and instructed the painter to paint the girls as accurate as possible and not to flatter them, becase he wanted to see what they looked like. Anne had almost no education in her childhood, though she was able to write and read, but only in German. This caused some problems because Henry valued educated and sophistication in women. Henry was anxious to meet his wife on the day she arrived and met her on the water's edge when she arrived by boat. But the wedding night was not as planned - Henry came out announcing, "I like her not" because Anne was larger-boned than any of the queens before her that were the wives of Henry VIII. He tried to get Thomas Cromwell to annul the marriage using a legal way, but Cromwell explained that there was no way to do so without offending the Germans. Their marriage ended on the ninth of July, 1540. Henry was nicer to Anne than he had been to any of his other wives - he gave her a small settlement of her own, including many properties that included Hever Castle, the estate that belonged to his former in-laws. Henry and Anne later became great friends and he made her a "Princess of England" and called her "the King's beloved sister". Anne was there when the two daughters of Henry rode side-by-side into London with Mary as Queen and was even at Mary's coronation. She outlived Henry VIII's last wife, Catherine Parr, by nine years. Anne never returned to Germany - instead, she spent the rest of her life in England.

Catherine Howard. She was also called Katherine Howard or Katheryn Howard. She was the fifth wife of Henry VIII, and he often referred to her as "the rose without a thorn". She was the daughter of Lord Edmund Howard, a younger son of the second Duke of Norfolk. Catherine married Henry VIII on the twenty-eight of July, 1540, almost immediately after the annulment of his marriage to Anne of Cleves. The way she lived her life and the knowledge about her past were known to be unchaste and shortly afterwards, she was beheaded about two years after her marriage on grounds of treason, meaning adultery committed while married to the king.

Catherine Parr. Catherine Parr, or Katherine or Katharine Parre, was the last of the six wives of Henry VIII. She was the Queen of England in the years 1543-1547, and then was known as the Dowager Queen of England. She was the most married English queen, with four previous husbands. Katherine Parr was the eldest child of Sir Thomas Parr, a descendant of King Edward III, and Maud Green, daughter of Sir Thomas Green of Green's Norton, Northamptonshire. She was in the household of Henry VIII and also of Princess Mary, the daughter of Catherine of Aragon, when she caught the eye of the king. She had a relationship with Thomas Seymour, the brother of the late Queen Jane Seymour, but then the king offered marriage to her and she accepted. She was one of the queens that were said to have "lived" King Henry VIII, the other being Anne of Cleves, who lived nine years after the death of Catherin Parr.

Surprisingly, Henry VIII did not have six wives. He only had two.

Henry's fourth marriage to Anne of Cleves was annulled. The marriage never took place.

Why? There were two reasons; Anne and Henry never consummated the marriage which means to have intercourse. Anne was also already betrothed to Francis, Duke of Lorraine when she married Henry. The formal act of betrothal was illegal at the time.

The Pope declared Henry's second marriage to Anne Boleyn illegal, because the King was still married to his first wife, Catherine of Aragon.

When Henry was the head of the Church of England, he made his first marriage invalid on the legal ground that a man could not sleep with his brother's widow.

Henry annulled his marriage to Anne Boleyn just before he had her executed for adultery. Crazy when you think about it.

He did the same to Catherine Howard, his fifth wife. According to evidence, Catherine was unfaithful to him before and during their marriage. Henry passed an act making it treasonable for a queen to commit adultery. So, the marriage was annulled.

Annulments: Four.

Legal marriages: Two.

Total: Six.

Sources:

The Book of General Ignorance - Book - John Lloyd and John Mitchinson - Faber and Faber - 2006.

Henry VIII had 6 wives in his lifetime. It is said one can use a rhyming verse to best remember he had 6 wives. The verse is "King Henry the Eighth, to six wives he was wedded. One died, one survived, two divorced, two beheaded." His wives names were Catherine of Aragon, Anne Boleyn, Jane Seymour, Anne of Cleves, Catherine Howard, and Catherine Parr. Technically he was only married to two of the 6 because 4 of his marriages were annulled. He was also distantly related to each one of his wives through a common ancestor whom was King Edward I of England.

William Shakespeare's children

William Shakespeare, the great playwright, poet and actor, married Anne Hathaway in November 1582.

In May, 1583 she gave birth to a daughter, Susannah.

In January/February 1585 Anne gave birth to twins, Hamnet (a boy) and Judith.

On 5th June 1607 Susannah married Dr John Hall, a respected physician from Stratford-Upon-Avon and in February 1608 had a daughter who was named Elizabeth. Susannah died in 1648.

Hamnet died aged 11 from unknown causes.

Judith married Thomas Quiney, a local Wine Merchant and local politician on 10th February 1616. Judith had three children Shakespeare, a boy, born in November 1616 and died in May 1617; Richard born around February 1618 and died February 1639; Thomas born January 1620 and died January 1639. Judith died in February 1662.

A link to the Wikipedia article on Shakespeare is provided. susanna, hamnet and judith

William Shakespeare, the great playwright and poet, was born in Stratford-Upon-Avon, in Warwickshire, England in April 1564. Very little is known about his early life and the best known documentary evidence relating to him are the records of his baptism, his marriage and his death.

His parents, John Shakespeare and his wife, Mary Arden, lived on Henley Street in Stratford-Upon-Avon. There is a house still standing in Henley Street, which is a tourist attraction as "Shakespeare's birth place" but it is uncertain whether this is the actual house.

On 29th November 1582, William married Anne Hathaway at Temple Grafton or possibly Shottery, near Stratford. She gave birth to a daughter, Susanna, in May, 1583, and to twins, Hamnet and Judith in January/February 1585. There are records of the baptisms of these children in Stratford so it may be assumed that Shakespeare still lived there at this time.

The first record of his plays being performed in London appears in 1592, and the period between 1585 and 1592 is known as "Shakespeare's lost years" because there are no official records relating to him during that time.

There has been some speculation that he worked as a schoolteacher in Lancashire, in the North of England, but the evidence on which this is based may relate to someone else.

By 1592 we know that Shakespeare was living in London. In 1593 Shakespeare lived in Bishopsgate (we know this because there are court records dated 1597 saying that he owed taxes here). In 1596 he was living in the parish of St Helen's in Bishopsgate. 1599 he had moved across the river to Bankside on property owned by the of the Bishop of Winchester's estate, the Liberty of the Clink, where the Globe Theatre was also built. In 1604 Shakespeare is known to have moved back to the city and rented lodgings at the house of Christopher and Mary Mountjoy in on the corner of Monkwell and Silver Street in Cripplegate, not far from St Paul's.

By 1597 William Shakespeare was rich enough to purchase his own property. He bought New Place, described as the second largest house in Stratford-Upon-Avon, for £60. In 1613 he invested £140 in a gate-house near the Blackfriars theater. It was located in Ireland Yard which joins Blackfriars Lane via, would you believe, Playhouse Yard!. The former gatehouse had been the main entrance to the vast monastery of the Blackfriars which had been seized and sold off during the Dissolution of the Monasteries. In 1615 litigation over legal title to the gatehouse showed that he had made improvements to the property.

He seems to have retired in 1613 and gone to live in New Place, where he died on 23 April 1616.

Stratford is now the home of the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust, a Charity which owns and maintains various buildings as visitor attractions. These are Mary Arden's House, Shakespeare's Birth Place, Anne Hathaway's Cottage, Hall's Croft - the home of Shakespeare's daughter, the garden of New Place (the building itself has been torn down) and Harvard House, once the home of the parents of John Harvard, founder of Harvard University in USA.
once upon a time in stratford-on-avon he did dwell,

but now he doth live underground, and just as well.

The decline of British Empire had started much earlier than that when the British were forced to leave India.

After they were denied by the American people its supremacy, British tried to exploit other countries like South Africa, Australia and Asia.

In the World War II, England was badly destroyed. It lost its position of the most powerful country and was financially and economically shattered. With billions in debt, it was not in a state to manage the massive Indian empire due to the financial loss incurred during the war.

The revolutionaries in India and abroad created an atmosphere where the British did not find them safe while in India.

The people were vigorously protesting, revolting, and fighting for freedom.

These major factors pressurised the English people to leave India and go back to the place they belonged to.

The Indian departure was the end of the British Empire and one after another country got freedom from their loot and mis-rule.

Britishers got attracted to India because seeing the merchandise travelling from India to Europe and America (which with Columbus discovery had been revealed in his travels- A New World Revealed, that Indians were living prosperous there also), they, the British pirates and navigators, got interested to loot and rob that country.

British Empire was created through such means only.

They had the right to live and work on the land to which they were bound, and they had a right to protection. This might not sound like much, but if you think of it, this means these things:

• They had a guarantee of a job.
• They had a guarantee of a place to live.
• They had a guarantee that they would be fed in a famine.
• They had a guarantee they would be protected in a war.

The feudal lord might have owned the land, but the serfs had a right to be on it. The lord could sell the land, but he could not sell the serfs, and he could not make them move away. If he sold the land, the new owner had to respect their right to be there.

There is a link below to an article on serfdom.

1st Answer:

Nothing. They are the same person.

2nd Answer:

Baron and baronet are both titles of nobility, but they are very different.

The rank of baron is the lowest of the peerage. This means that barons were allowed to be members of parliament in the House of Lords. For most of the middle ages, the title baron was for a person next in rank below an earl or count.

A baronet is below the rank of baron. The title baronet does not qualify a person as a peer, so a person whose highest title is baronet cannot enter the House of Lords. This means that while a baronet is a nobleman, he is also a commoner, and is qualified for the House of Commons, if he is elected. The next lower title that was used in England was that of a knight. There were very few baronets created during the Middle Ages.

Please use the links below for more information on baronets and barons.

Herb is now a consultant in the bakery and food industry. Herb is also writting a new autobiograghy on his life in the bakery business as well as making this a unique baking cookbook with over 120 family formulas, but the difference is, there will be a receipe size for the home as well as a larger size for the retail/wholeslae baker!

FYI: Fingerhut Bakery is on its way back (but in web form only for now) Starting on February 15, 2008 an all new Fingerhut Bakery will be back with an updated logo, and with a twist to the old favorites like Houska Bread, Babi Rye Bread, kolacky and many more items...... check the coming soon page at www.fingerhutbakery.com

Manchester, Colchester, Dorchester, Chichester, Winchester, Portchester, Rochester, Worchester

There is also the City of Chester in the north west of England, Ilchester in Somerset and Silchester in Hampshire. The "chester" suffix derives from the Latin word castra, meaning a camp or settlement, so these towns had been settled by the Romans during the Roman occupation of Britain which lasted from about the year 40 AD until about 450 - 500 AD. "Worchester" does not exist but the town of Worcester has a similar derivation - the "-cester" part also comes from the Latin word castra. Others with slightly different forms of castra include Alcester, Lancaster, Cirencester, Gloucester (pronounced Gloster), Leicester (pronounced Lester) Tadcaster, Wroxeter and Towcester, (pronounced Toaster.)