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We should not assume that the clergy were the most educated group of people in the Middle Ages. It is possible that they were not.

The Church ran most of the schools in Europe during the Middle Ages. It also ran many of the universities, though there were countries, such as England, where the universities were all secular organizations. And so there is an impression, and probably was at the time, that the clergy were most educated. And perhaps that impression is correct.

Nevertheless, if you look at the huge Christian population of Europe, and compare it with the modest populations of European Jews and Muslims, it can easily be seen that a much higher percentage of Jews and Muslims became important philosophers. The reason for this is probably because unlike the Christian population, the Jews and Muslims were required by religious law to be educated. There is a link below to the medieval section of an article on philosophy. It lists 21 important medieval philosophers. Of them 11 were Christian, 8 were Muslim, and 2 were Jewish. A number of the Muslim philosophers lived in Spain, as did one of the Jewish philosophers, early in his life, and the other lived in France. These people had influence beyond the people of their own religion, and their works were studied and quoted by Christian philosophers in Christian universities, including Thomas Aquinas, Peter Abelard, Roger Bacon, and more.

Please see the links below.

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