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"Petrol", or gasoline, engines require a spark plug to ignite the fuel and air mixture to generate energy on the power stroke in a typical four stroke engine (Intake, Compression, Power, Exhaust). Diesel engines use what is sometimes called "compression ignition" to ignite the fuel air mixture on the power stroke. I'll assume by "self-detonation" you mean ignition by something other than a spark plug. Gasoline cannot be used in a diesel engine, nor can diesel fuel be used in a gasoline engine. Engine damage can occur in either scenario. Diesel fuel is less refined than gasoline so is more oily. This helps lubricate and cool the inside of the diesel combustion chamber that operates at much higher temperatures. In a gasoline engine, combustion temperatures are lower so the oil does not burn off and will cause excessive and heavy smoke. I'm not sure if gasoline would even work in a diesel engine because gasoline has a lower flash point than diesel and would ignite too soon and burn too fast in the diesel combustion chamber. Perhaps another, more knowledgeable, contributor could shed some light on that one.

The bottom line is if the engine is "self-detonating", aka compression ignition, it would be a diesel engine not a "petrol engine". The engine cannot be both petrol and compression ignition - it just wouldn't work. Diesel engines have become better and better in recent years since automakers have put R&D money into projects, and VW now has the TDI diesel that is powerful, efficient, economical, and reliable.

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