It should work okay.
No, it won't get enough power and won't work.
Frequency is independent of voltage magnitude. It depends upon type AC or DC.
No !
If the lamp bases are the same for a 220 volt bulb and a 110 volt bulb, then yes. If any modification to the pendent lamp have to be done then no, as field modifications to electrical equipment will null and void the certification that the manufacturer had to obtain to be able to sell the device.
Divide the power rating (in watts) by the voltage (in volts). So if you use a 100 watt light bulb in a typical 110 volt lamp then it will draw 100/110 = .91 amps of current. Or plug a 1500 watt electric heater into a 110 volt wall socket and it will draw 1500/110 = 13.6 amps of current.
NO - that is dangerous.
yes the bulb will actually last longer
Yes, the two voltages are in the same range category.
NO! There are 50 bulbs in a 2.5 volt string or 125 volts. There are 35 bulbs in a 3.5 volt string or 122.5 volts. If you put 50 3.5 volt bulbs in you will have 175 volts and most american house have 110 volt service so you will have dim bulbs.
Yes. 110 and 220 plugs are different so that you cannot plug a 110 recepticle into a 220 outlet and vice versa. If a home is wired for 220 it means that the potential is there for 220 recepticles. Your oven and clothes dryer require 220.
No. The bulb will burn out.
No. The 240V lamp will pop the circuit or fuse because the draw is higher than the supply.
No. You need to rewire the circuit from the electric panel.
Yes.
You need a step-up transformer, to go from 110 to 220-240 volts. Then a 110 volt supply can operate 240 volt equipment.
The bulb will be about half as bright.
A bright flash and a dud bulb, possibly a blown fuse instead.