Yes, probably.
Actually, it is ammonia that signals a dog where to mark, because ammonia is a component of urine. Vinegar will neutralize it.
Your well should be drawing water from far beneath you, 100 feet or more. Even a more shallow well will not be contaminated by something like dog urine. It will not penetrate far enough down to affect the well.
Mix white vinegar in with warm water and scrub itAny floor cleaner or soap will remove the urine. Ceramic tile is not porous so it will not have been absorbed by the tile. The grout should be sealed so that shouldn't absorb it either. Just clean the floor as you normally would.
The dog laid on the floor.
Urine plays NO part in dog mating.
Why are you smelling dog urine, new hobby or something?
It can leave a stain, which caught soon enough can be removed easily, usually by using a pet stain remover, being careful that a particular cleaner will not damage the material you're cleaning by checking the label. Dog Urine can also increase the fading of some types of siding, and in a case where this happens, the questionable area will need to be repaired by new siding.
NO
Grass turns brown after a dog urines on it because there is acid in its urine. What if they crap?
yes sure, I had a dog bladder for 2 years and I can still do the urine nicely. the operation people killed a dog and put the guts and the bladder inside me. my urine is dogish and smells like a dog urine but I can cope with it
Since you can get a rash from human urine (think diaper rash) - yeah you can get a rash from dog urine but a brief exposure usually won't be enough unless you are allergic to something the dog ate.