No.
Means to start the engine while it is cold (And has not been running for a few hours so the engine has gone cold)
Probably your engine thermostat is sticking open
Diesels are kept running while parked for various reasons. In cold weather, a diesel may be very difficult to start so it is better to leave it running. Maybe the engine is needed to run heat or A/C for the sleeper cab.
Moisture in the exhaust, or a cold running engine.
no you shouldn't because the cold air that your engine sucks up can quit your engine and stop running
Water is one of the byproducts of combustion. This usually noticeable when the engine is cold. I had owned a 1995 Sable and now a 2005 Taurus. They both do the same thing when the engine is cold. That is one of the reasons for the stainless steel exhaust that is corrosion resistant.
yupps
No , it's best to add coolant when the engine is cold
Engines will often "misfire" for a while when they're extremely cold. Misfire means that one or more cylinders aren't firing when the other cylinders are running. When that happens it feels like the engine is shaking. There are many reasons why an engine might not run well when cold, anywhere from needing a tune-up to burned valves or even injector problems. If it's been a while since the engine has been tuned up, try that first, but have the shop run a compression test while they're replacing the plugs.
yes, should never add coolant to cold engine
Sounds like you have a faulty thermostat. Its nothing expensive on hard to replace.
The seacock should always be open when the engine is run, regardless if it is cold. It can be a good idea to close the seacock, when the boat will be left unattended. This is insurance against hose or clamp failure...