The difference between vacate and satisfaction of a lien is the way in which it was surrendered. During a vacate of a lien, the creditor is releasing the lien on a loan, usually because of a full repayment. The satisfaction of a lien would be like a repossession for non payment to a creditor.
A back payment is an overdue payment from a debtor to a creditor on money owed.
Visit the creditor's website and you should find instructions for that particular creditor.
When a payment is made to a creditor, the following journal entry is recorded in the books of accounts
If a creditor refuses to give you payment address, you still owe them money. This might be frustrating but does not get you off the hook.
No they do not
The only recourse (legally) would be to file suit against the creditor, seeking payment.
Usually you can work out a payment plan with a judgment creditor. If you do not have the money now, a payment plan (and settlement agreement) is a cheaper and better alternative to the other collection techniques in the Creditor's arsenal.
Yes Usually they allow a grace period for an arears payment, but they do not have to.
Legal Tender.
no
Yes. Once a contract has been defaulted on, the creditor has no legal obligation to accept any payment other than that which was agreed on in the original contract or subsequent agreement.