No It would not unless beside that plenum on your block is a crack in your heads and your leaking coolant or even leaking internally check head gaskets
A bad thermostat can cause an overheat. A bad temp sensor can show an overheat when the temperature is normal.
Yes it could.
No.
Bad thermostat
Your motor oil going bad would cause that. That is in the crankcase, not the transmission.
Blown Head Gasket or Bad Cylinder Head
By itself, the thermostat would have to be stuck closed causing a severe overheat condition to cause a loss of power.
over charging or bad bearings its about to let you stranded change it
Bad thermostat, cap and radiator is a common cause.
A bad water pump or thermostat can cause an engine to overheat. A plugged (clogged) radiator or heater core may also cause an engine to overheat.
Blown head gasket or bad radiator cap
The thermistat could be bad, check to make sure the fan is kicking on.