What effects does the shape of the poem have on its meaning and the reader?

Answer 1

Grade XII English Notes

Grandmother

-Ray Young Bear

The poem grandmother is written by Ray Young Rear, An American Indian poet. The given poem is about love of a grandson towards his grandmother. We also can find the condition of seeking the identity of a particular tribe in the foreign land. This poem indicates about the south Asian culture prevailing in American, especially the Indian culture.

According to the poem, the poet could identify the physical shape of his grandmother form a long distance. Because she could be found wearing purple scarf & carrying a plastic supping bag. Her touches would easily give him or make him feel the secret love of grandmother towards the future generation. There is the uninterrupted or continuous affection of the grand parents towards the grandchildren. Even the voice of grandmother could give great impression to the poet. Thus, the poet finds his grandmother all loving and inspiring.

In the poem we get the use of the different sense organs by the poet. It indicates the love of grandmother is running in his every part of his body. He uses eyes to identify his grandmother's physical shape and appearance. He uses scin to feel her love and sympathy. He uses nose to get the real pleasure of his grandmother's body. He uses ears to know his grandmother's words inspiring.

In this way to the poet has tried to explain and show the Indian influence and culture still alive in American. Here the poet seems to be seeking the identity.

About Love

-Anton Chekhov

The story about love is written by Anton Chekhov a realistic story writer. This story is about different-forms of love which are commonly found and perceived by us. The writer has tried to focus that the love is always different.

According to the story, Alyohin and his friends wear in a restaurant. They started talking about love when Nikanor, the cook come to take the order for the lunch. Nikanor was in love with a beautiful Pelageya. They lived together. Nikanor forced her to get married. But Pelageya said that she would not marry but she would not leave him. She wanted to live with her just so. Alyohin said that Pelageya did so because Nikanor sometimes used to get drunk, scolded her and beat her. Alyohin explained about his own love with a university girl. He used to buy everything for her. They were living together. But Alyohin had to go to village and as he told his girl friend to go with him, she completely refused.

Alyohin explained about his another love with Anna Alexeyerna. As Alyohin was appointed as judge, he had to go to the city to give his decision. There he came to meet with Luganovich, another judge who invited him for the lunch. Alyohin could, not deny and as he went there. He came to meet with Anna Alexeyerna. She had already given birth to a baby. In the first sight they fell in love. But they could not express their feelings. Gradually Alyohin and Anna become very close friends. They acted as husband and wife. The time passed on Anna gave birth to the second child. Since then there was a drastic change in her behavior. She behaved very rudely and did not care any activities at home. The doctors advised Luganovich to send her to Crimea. Mean while Luganovich was transferred in another province. Anna was to be sent to Crimea. Alyohin came to say the last goodbye to the family. When he went to the station, he found that Luganovich was carrying the children and Anna was inside the compartment. Alyohin went inside the compartment there they expressed the feelings but it was late. Anna went towards Crimea and Alyohin towards his village.

In the story we get three kinds of Love. They are Violent Love, Selfish Love and Unexpressed Love. Love is not always the same as we think. It can be sometimes violent and sometime selfish as well as the state can come where we may not be able to express our love to our beloved or the lover. There can exist the condition of the unexpressed love.

Lamentation of the Old Pensioner

-W.B. Yeats

The poem Lamentation of The Old Pensioner is written by W.B. Yeats, an Irish poet. This poem is nostalgia of a person who has grown old. He is in the stage that nobody cares him. In another sense this poem is about an old man who remembers his past.

According to the poem, the speaker in the poem says that he has grown very old and nobody cares him. But during his time he used to accompany with several grown up persons and talked about Love or politics. His old age does not allow him to go with the lads who are making planes to fight against the government; even the government also is trying to have control over them. The lads are even ready to make any bad plan to trouble the authorities but the speaker does not complain to the boys nor to the government rather he condemns to the time which has transfigured him into an old man. At present no any women turns her face towards the old man. But in his time he had love affair with the particular girl whom he remembers. As he is neglected from every accompaniment, he spits into the face of the time.

In this way the given poem describes about the condition of old person who recalls his past. The poet uses refrain 'Time transfigured me' in the poem to signify that the time has really changed him into an old man. He can do nothing but remember and regret about his past.

Tow Long Term Problem's: Two Many Peoples, Too Few Trees

-Moti Nissani

The essay two long term problems two many people, too few trees is-written by Moti Nissani. This essay is about the burning issues regarding overpopulation and deforestation. The writer has presented the essay in context of Nepal.

Overpopulation is a great problem which has created so many problems in our surrounding. The unmanaged organization has aroused several pollutions like air, water, sound and soil. These pollutions have created so many diseases for human beings. Air pollution has created consumption respiratory diseases like cough, asthma, emphysema, long cancer, tuberculosis. Similarly the air pollution has caused ozone layer depletion. It has caused the interring of ultraviolet rays and the water pollution has caused various consumption diseases like diarrhea, dysentery, cholera.

Deforestation is another problem in the context of Nepal. It has caused desertification, land slides, soil erosion, more rainfall, less rainfall, untimely rainfall. We are facing various natural disasters. Land slides have been common problem for us these days. Due to various pollution, there are so many secondary effects, such as some species of birds as well as animals have already been disappeared. In some tribes, the sperm count is drastically low.

The writer has given us some possible solutions like Population control, people's awareness, education as well as government's strict policy. The writer also has suggested for afforestation, replantation, using smokeless stove as well as gas plant.

In this way writer has focused on overpopulation and deforestation and its effect on human civilization.

Full Fathom Five Thy Father Lies

-William Shakespeare

The poem Full Fathom Five Thy Father Lies is written by William Shakespeare, the greatest dramatist of English literature. The given poem is taken from his famous drama 'The Tempest'. The given poem, is spoken by Arial, a spirit, to Ferdinand, the prince of Naples. In the poem Aerial informs Ferdinand about the death of his father.

According to the poem Arial says to Ferdinand, that his father has been dead. His dead body lies 30 feet under the world. His whole body has been changed into something new and strange things. The bones of his body have been changed into coral and eyes into pearls. Obviously his whole part of the body has been changed but into expensive things. The sea nymphs sing song with great sorrow on the death of his father. Every hour the sea nymphs blow the knell.

The poet has tried to focuse on the importance of ecosystem not only in the ground but also in the deep see. The eco system inside the sea can be taken as an essential part of human life. We must not destroy the eco system. It is our great responsibility to preserve the nature.

Hurried Trip to Avoid a Bad Star

-M. Lilla and C. Bishop Barry

The essay Hurried Trip to Avoid a Bad Star is written by M lella & C Bishop Barry, two American geographers working in Karnali. This essay is about economic & social condition of the people of karnali. This is about a journey from Karnali to Nepalgunj. The writers have tried to focus on how the people of Karnali are economically linked with the low regions of the Terai.

The writers started their journey from Karnali with fourteen porters with them, On the way they come to meat with a chhetri woman, Who asked them about her husband who has left her fifteen years ago. After a few days walk, they came to meat with a group of people processing silajit. From them the writers knew that silajit is a very useful herbal medicine. They sold it in Nepalgunj and that was sold in India for the pharmaceutical use. Again after few days they come to meat with some women who were cutting the remaining branches of a tree. In the quarry they said that animal had to be fed. When they reached Nepalgunj all the porters started trading with the good they had brought with them some of them bought spices, clothes and iron products and other necessary things. But karma ' bought only distillery equipment. Then the writers finished their official's jobs; went back to Karnali and after they completed the task, the writers returned to America.

The writers have specially tried to focus on transformation, education, employment and so other problems of the people of Karnali. They have also tried to show that Karnali is economically linked with the low land regions of south. The writers tried to focus on the problems of the region and expected the changes in their lives.

Travelling Through the Dark

-William Stafford

The poem travelling through the Dark is written by William Stafford. In this poem, the poet has tried to indicate a great tension, between two realities to systems of life. In another sense we get great struggle between thought and feelings. Sometime we come to face the state when we do not become able to decide take the decision and find ourselves in a great dilemma.

According to the poem, the protagonist was traveling at right. At the Wilson River Road, he saw a dead dear which was recently killed. He thought that it would be better two throw the dead body in the stream because in the turning, the dead body could cause several accidents. As he tried to drag the dear, he realized that it was doe and she was pregnant. As he touched by side of the doe, he came to know that her fawn was steel alive but never to be born. The protagonist hesitated and immediately could not make any decision. He observed the circumstances and surroundings and the impact of the death of the doe. At last he pushed the dead doe into the river.

Here we get a great tension created by the dead doe. In the beginning the protagonist thought that he could clear the path by throwing the dead body of the doe. But her pregnancy and the alive fawn made him confused in such a state and thus, we get here a great tension between thought and feelings.

A Story

-Dylan Thomas

A Story is written by Dylan Thomas. It is a humorous story and it is tried to present the perspective of a child towards grown ups. This story is divided into three parts. First part is about uncle and aunt, Second part is about uncle's friends and the third part is about the outing. The outing was planned to go to Porthcawl by Charabanc.

According to the story, the boy says that he was living with his uncle. His uncle was very fat, talkative, drunkard and the dirty. On the other hand his aunt was very short, less talkative and did not like his uncle's going for an outing. On day his uncle's friends come to inform about an outing to Porthcawl. His uncle's friends Benjamin Franklyn, Will Sentry, Noah Bowen, Weazley were all funny. They always joked with one another. They had decided to go for an outing. His aunt became very angry. She come with a china dog and threatened her husband of going to the father's house. When the day of outing came, all the friends got into charabanc and even the boy also got into the coach. On the half way, they realized that one of the friends was left. They came back and received him. Again one of the members said that he forgot his teeth. But they continued. After a short drive, they reached near a bar and stopped the charabanc. All of them got in to the bar except the boy. After aomwtimes they become drunk and started breaking the grasses as well as plates. After sometimes his uncle was fully drunk and brought in solders by the friends. Again they started the journey towards Porthcwal. But they could not reach rather they stopped charabanc near a river and all of them went in the river but did not reached to their destination.

This story presents a kid's perspective towards the adults. The events have been presented humorously.

The Last Voyage of the Ghost Ship

- Gabriel Garcia Marquez.

The story The Last Voyage of the Ghost Ship is written by Gabriel Garcia Marquez. It is about an ordinary boy growing into an assertive young man. This story is written in the stream of consciousness method.

According to the story, the boy used to sit near the seaside at night. One March night, he came to see an enormous ship. It was ninety-seven times longer than the village and twenty times taller then the steeple of the church. It was soundless and lightless. It also was moving in zigzag way. It came near a large cliff, hit again it, broke into pieces and sank to the button of the sea. The boy thought that it was an illusion. But the next year the boy saw the same ship in the same condition during the March night. He told his mother about the ship but she did not believe. His mother used to remember is father sitting in the same chair which had become very old. So the boy requested the mother to change the chair. The boy and his mother went to the next island to buy a chair. On the way back to the house the boy pointed out the spot where the ship used to sink. As the chair was brought a misfortune occurred in the life of the boy. His mother including other four women died who sat on the chair. The villagers said that it was a wretched chair and so they threw it into the sea. The boy became helpless and survived on eating he stolen fish and on the other resources. The next year during the month of March, the boy saw the same ship. This time he tried to call the villagers to see the ship. But before the villagers came, the ship had already sunk down. The villagers scolded and beat the boy for disturbing their sleep.

The boy determined to show the ship to the villagers. So when the boy came to see the ship, he stole a boat and went towards the sea with a lantern. He knew that the ship disappeared in the light. As he showed the lamp to that ship, it started to fallow him with a loud noise. The boy rowed the boat towards village. The ship produced a huge sound. The sound made the villagers wake. They were very much amazed to sea such a big ship. They realized that the boy was right. At this stage, the boy's determination was fulfilled. Thus, he came to say 'Now they are going to see, who I am.'

In this way, the story is about a young boy's determination regarding to prove whatever he had said, was right, the writer has used stream of consciousness method.

God's Grandeur

-G. M. Hopkins

The poem God's Grandeur is written by G.M Hopkins. This poem is about the greatness of god. But human beings are ignoring to the greatness of the god.

According to the poem, the poet says that this world is filled with the greatness of god. Its greatness will flame out for the ages. The god's greatness is gathered like the ooze of oil. In spite of that, human being, are totally indifferent towards god several generations have ignored the god. All of them are busy with their own business and struggle. Human beings have been fully unaware towards god. Due to being naked regarding a human faith towards god, they don's know that the god needs to cared. Whatever activities human beings do, the god never becomes angry at them. He knows that all human beings are having faith towards god though they are not caring to the god at the moment but in the days to come, human beings will dedicate towards god. That will be a spring day on human faith. With enthusiasm god cares human beings and looks after the whole world as hen cares its chicken.

In this way the given poem appreciates the greatness of god and with the belief that one day human beings will turn towards god. The given poem is in the sonnet form.

I Have a Dream

Martin Luther King, Jr.

Answer 2

The shape of a poem can influence its meaning by visually representing its themes or emotions. For example, a poem shaped like a tree may evoke nature-related imagery. The shape can also guide the reader's pace and emphasize certain words or phrases, impacting how they interpret the poem.

Answer 3

experiences