Dengue hemorrhagic fever is a severe, potentially deadly infection spread by certain species of mosquitoes (Aedes aegypti).
See also: Dengue fever
Alternative NamesHemorrhagic dengue; Dengue shock syndrome; Philippine hemorrhagic fever; Thai hemorrhagic fever; Singapore hemorrhagic fever
Causes, incidence, and risk factorsFour different dengue viruses are known to cause dengue hemorrhagic fever. Dengue hemorrhagic fever occurs when a person catches a different type dengue virus after being infected by another one sometime before. Prior immunity to a different dengue virus type plays an important role in this severe disease.
Worldwide, more than 100 million cases of dengue fever occur every year. A small number of these develop into dengue hemorrhagic fever. Most infections in the United States are brought in from other countries. It is possible for a traveler who has returned to the United States to pass the infection to someone who has not traveled.
Risk factors for dengue hemorrhagic fever include having antibodies to dengue virus from prior infection and being younger than 12, female, or Caucasian.
SymptomsEarly symptoms of dengue hemorrhagic fever are similar to those of dengue fever, but after several days the patient becomes irritable, restless, and sweaty. These symptoms are followed by a shock -like state.
Bleeding may appear as tiny spots of blood on the skin (petechiae) and larger patches of blood under the skin (ecchymoses). Minor injuries may cause bleeding.
Shock may cause death. If the patient survives, recovery begins after a one-day crisis period.
Early symptoms include:
Acute phase symptoms include:
A physical examination may reveal:
Tests may include:
Because Dengue hemorrhagic fever is caused by a virus for which there is no known cure or vaccine, the only treatment is to treat the symptoms.
With early and aggressive care, most patients recover from dengue hemorrhagic fever. However, half of untreated patients who go into shock do not survive.
ComplicationsCall your health care provider if you have symptoms of dengue fever and have been in an area where dengue fever is known to occur, especially if you have had dengue fever before.
PreventionThere is no vaccine available to prevent dengue fever. Use personal protection such as full-coverage clothing, netting, mosquito repellent containing DEET, and if possible, travel during periods of minimal mosquito activity. Mosquito abatement programs can also reduce the risk of infection.
ReferencesHalstead SB. Dengue fever/dengue hemorrhagic fever. In: Cohen J, Powderly WG, Berkley SF, Calandra T, Clumeck N, Finch RG, eds. Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 6th ed. Philadelphia, Pa; Churchill Livingstone Elsevier; 2005: chap 184.
Tsai TF, Vaughn DW, Solomon T. Flaviviruses (yellow fever, dengue, dengue hemorrhagic fever, Japanese encephalitis, West Nile encephalitis, St. Louis encephalitis, tick-borne encephalitis). In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R, eds. Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 6th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Churchill Livingstone Elsevier; 2005: chap 149.
Dengue hemorrhagic fever is a severe, potentially deadly infection spread by certain species of mosquitoes (Aedes aegypti).
See also: Dengue fever
Alternative NamesHemorrhagic dengue; Dengue shock syndrome; Philippine hemorrhagic fever; Thai hemorrhagic fever; Singapore hemorrhagic fever
Causes, incidence, and risk factorsFour different dengue viruses are known to cause dengue hemorrhagic fever. Dengue hemorrhagic fever occurs when a person catches a different type dengue virus after being infected by another one sometime before. Prior immunity to a different dengue virus type plays an important role in this severe disease.
Worldwide, more than 100 million cases of dengue fever occur every year. A small number of these develop into dengue hemorrhagic fever. Most infections in the United States are brought in from other countries. It is possible, but uncommon, for a traveler who has returned to the United States to pass the infection to someone who has not traveled.
Risk factors for dengue hemorrhagic fever include having antibodies to dengue virus from prior infection and being younger than 12, female, or Caucasian.
SymptomsEarly symptoms of dengue hemorrhagic fever are similar to those of dengue fever, but after several days the patient becomes irritable, restless, and sweaty. These symptoms are followed by a shock -like state.
Bleeding may appear as tiny spots of blood on the skin (petechiae) and larger patches of blood under the skin (ecchymoses). Minor injuries may cause bleeding.
Shock may cause death. If the patient survives, recovery begins after a one-day crisis period.
Early symptoms include:
Acute phase symptoms include:
A physical examination may reveal:
Tests may include:
Because Dengue hemorrhagic fever is caused by a virus for which there is no known cure or vaccine, the only treatment is to treat the symptoms.
With early and aggressive care, most patients recover from dengue hemorrhagic fever. However, half of untreated patients who go into shock do not survive.
ComplicationsCall your health care provider if you have symptoms of dengue fever and have been in an area where dengue fever is known to occur, especially if you have had dengue fever before.
PreventionThere is no vaccine available to prevent dengue fever. Use personal protection such as full-coverage clothing, netting, mosquito repellent containing DEET, and if possible, travel during periods of minimal mosquito activity. Mosquito abatement programs can also reduce the risk of infection.
ReferencesVaughn DW, Barrett A, Solomon T. Flaviviruses (Yellow Fever, Dengue, Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever, Japanese Encephalitis, West Nile Encephalitis, St. Louis Encephalitis, Tick-Borne Encephalitis). In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R, eds. Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 7th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2009:chap 153.
Haile-Mariam T, Polis MA. Viral illnesses. In: Marx JA, Hockberger RS, Walls RM, et al, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 7th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier; 2009:chap 128.
Reviewed ByReview Date: 12/07/2010
Linda Vorvick, MD, Family Physician, Seattle Site Coordinator, Lecturer, Pathophysiology, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington School of Medicine; Jatin M. Vyas, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor in Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Assistant in Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.
Dengue Fever can be fatal if it is not caught early and treated. It is a virus that is common in certain areas of the world. The conclusion for Dengue Fever is that it is a global problem and highly contagious.
Susumu Hotta has written: 'Dengue and related hemorrhagic diseases' -- subject(s): Dengue, Hemorrhagic fever 'Chikyu no rekishi 24-ko'
There are no drugs for this viral infection. Keeping hydrated is most impotant.
Aedes Mosquito
Din Beramboi died on April 2, 2010, in Selayang, Selangor, Malaysia of hemorrhagic dengue fever.
Coquillettidia fuscopennata Why do people answer questions they clearly know nothing about? This is the name of a mosquito, and not even the right one. answer: According to "The Dictionary of Virology" by Brian Mahy, the scientific name for yellow fever is "Flavivirus febricis". its the Flaviviridae family (includes flavivirus, hepacivirus, and pestivirus. -Kiera
Symptoms include fever, headache, muscle and joint pains, and a skin rash. In a small proportion of cases the disease develops into the life-threatening dengue hemorrhagic fever, resulting in bleeding, low levels of blood platelets or into dengue shock syndrome, where dangerously low blood pressure occurs.
What test is used to diagnose viral hemorrhagic fever
They can be classified into four as with the different virus serotypes or depending on the severity. Dengue fever is described as being milder with flu-like symptoms at first then having the "triad" of fever,rash and headache. Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever(DHF) or Dengue Shock Syndrome(DSS) is the more severe form, wherein a person at some time had the virus and is reinfected.This presents with small purplish spots in the skin where blood is leaking and internal bleeding as well.there are 4 types of dengue
As of now, there are no specific dengue treatments and the best is symptomatic treatment. Taking plenty of rest in bed, drinking lots of fluids and maintaining a healthy diet can help a great deal in managing dengue symptoms. The symptoms like fever and aches and pains that accompany dengue fever are treated with separate medications to provide relief to the patient from related sufferings. In case you suffer from dengue hemorrhagic fever, hospitalization is the only option where supportive treatments like intravenous fluids are administered to prevent shock. For more information about dengue fever and its treatment, see the related links section below.
its something called plasma leakage. patient with just dengue didnt suffer plasma leakage, but the other with dengue hemorrhagic fever does. you can know whether someone get a plasma leakage from: 1. anamnese: difficult to breath (due to a pleural effusion), distended abdomen (due to an ascites) 2. phys. diagnostic: derivation of breathing sound, undulation test, edema, poor perfusion and shock sign 3. lab findings: hemoconsentration (higher Hb and PVC)
As of now, there are no specific dengue treatments and the best is symptomatic treatment. Taking plenty of rest in bed, drinking lots of fluids and maintaining a healthy diet can help a great deal in managing dengue symptoms. The symptoms like fever and aches and pains that accompany dengue fever are treated with separate medications to provide relief to the patient from related sufferings. In case you suffer from dengue hemorrhagic fever, hospitalization is the only option where supportive treatments like intravenous fluids are administered to prevent shock. For more information about dengue fever and its treatment, see the related links section below.