Exchange transfusion is a potentially life-saving procedure that is done to counteract the effects of serious jaundice or changes in the blood due to diseases such as sickle cell anemia.
The procedure involves slowly removing the patient's blood and replacing it with fresh donor blood or plasma.
See also: Newborn jaundice
DescriptionAn exchange transfusion requires that the patient's blood be removed and replaced. In most cases, this involves placing one or more thin tubes, called catheters, into a blood vessel. The exchange transfusion is done in cycles, each one usually lasts a few minutes.
The patient's blood is slowly withdrawn (usually about 5 to 20 mL at a time, depending on the patient's size and the severity of illness). An equal amount of fresh, prewarmed blood or plasma flows into the patient's body. This cycle is repeated until the correct volume of blood has been replaced.
After the exchange transfusion, catheters may be left in place in case the procedure needs to be repeated.
In diseases such as sickle cell anemia, blood is removed and replaced with donor blood.
In conditions such as neonatal polycythemia, a specific amount of the child's blood is removed and replaced with a normal saline solution, plasma (the clear liquid part of blood), or albumin (a solution of blood proteins). This decreases the total number of red blood cells in the body and makes it easier for blood to flow through the body.
Why the Procedure Is PerformedAn exchange transfusion may be needed to treat the following conditions:
General risks are the same as with any transfusion. Other possible complications include:
The infant may need to be monitored for several days in the hospital after the transfusion, but the length of stay generally depends on the condition for which the exchange transfusion was performed.
ReferencesStoll BJ. Blood disorders. In: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 18th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 103.
Saunthararajah S, Vichinsky EP. Sickle cell disease - clinical features and management. In: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Shattil SS, et al., eds. Hematology: Basic Principles and Practice. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2008:chap 43.
Exchange transfusion is a potentially life-saving procedure that is done to counteract the effects of serious jaundice or changes in the blood due to diseases such as sickle cell anemia.
The procedure involves slowly removing the patient's blood and replacing it with fresh donor blood or plasma.
See also: Newborn jaundice
DescriptionAn exchange transfusion requires that the patient's blood be removed and replaced. In most cases, this involves placing one or more thin tubes, called catheters, into a blood vessel. The exchange transfusion is done in cycles, each one usually lasts a few minutes.
The patient's blood is slowly withdrawn (usually about 5 to 20 mL at a time, depending on the patient's size and the severity of illness). An equal amount of fresh, prewarmed blood or plasma flows into the patient's body. This cycle is repeated until the correct volume of blood has been replaced.
After the exchange transfusion, catheters may be left in place in case the procedure needs to be repeated.
In diseases such as sickle cell anemia, blood is removed and replaced with donor blood.
In conditions such as neonatal polycythemia, a specific amount of the child's blood is removed and replaced with a normal saline solution, plasma (the clear liquid part of blood), or albumin (a solution of blood proteins). This decreases the total number of red blood cells in the body and makes it easier for blood to flow through the body.
Why the Procedure Is PerformedAn exchange transfusion may be needed to treat the following conditions:
General risks are the same as with any transfusion. Other possible complications include:
The infant may need to be monitored for several days in the hospital after the transfusion. The length of stay depends on what condition the exchange transfusion was performed to treat.
ReferencesMaheshwari A, Carlo WA. Blood disorders. In: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 19th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2011:chap 97.
Saunthararajah S, Vichinsky EP. Sickle cell disease—clinical features and management. In: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Shattil SS, et al., eds. Hematology: Basic Principles and Practice. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2008:chap 43.
Reviewed ByReview Date: 12/01/2011
John Goldenring, MD, MPH, JD, Pediatrician with the Sharp Rees-Stealy Medical Group, San Diego, CA. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.
phototherapy,exchange transfusion
If the baby has already been born then you can transfuse A RH POS to the baby. If the baby is still in the womb I would think A RH NEG would be right.
ProcedureNeonatal jaundice is a common problem among infants immediately after birth. It is the result of the inability of the neonatal liver to clear bilirubin, a breakdown product of blood cells, from the blood. Neonatal jaundice is usually a self-limiting, mild disorder. The most commonly used treatment is fluorescent light exposure, in which the infant is placed under a lamp for a few hours each day. The blue light breaks down bilirubin into a form the infant liver can process and eliminate.IndicationLess frequently, when neonatal jaundice is more severe, and fluorescent light therapy is unable to break down all circulating bilirubin, exchange transfusion is often used. High levels of bilirubin in the blood can lead to brain damage and other serious problems. In these cases, exchange transfusion is a life-saving procedure designed to counteract the effects of serious jaundice, infection, or toxicity. The procedure involves the staged removal of the infant's blood and replacement with fresh donor blood or plasma.Guidelines for an exchange transfusion include:Hemolytic disease of the newborn (Rh disease)Life-threatening infectionSevere disturbances in body chemistryToxic effects of drugsPolycythemiaProcedureThe infant is laid on his or her back, usually under a radiant warmer. The umbilical vein is catheterized with a fluid-filled catheter. The catheter is connected to an exchange transfusion set, incorporating lines to and from a waste container and a pack of donor blood. These are connected by means of a four-way stopcock, to which is also attached the syringe used to remove and replenish the infant's blood. The exchange transfusion now goes ahead in cycles, each of a few minutes duration. Slowly the infant's blood is withdrawn, and the fresh, pre-warmed blood or plasma is injected. After the exchange transfusion, an umbilical catheter may be left in place in case the procedure needs to be repeated within a few hours.Reviewed ByReview Date: 11/13/2011Neil K. Kaneshiro, MD, MHA, Clinical Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.
Yes but a women have 8 times more of a chance getting HIV from a man. A man can get AIDS if he has a cut or scratch on his penis allowing a blood transfusion. It can also be entered from the tip of the penis. Wear a condom.
The prefix of the word exchange is ex.
The Stock Exchange The Commodities Exchange The Energy Exchange
The real effective exchange rate based on real exchange instead of nominal exchange rate in foreign currency exchange.
There are 23 Stock Exchanges in India. Apart from the NSE and the BSE, the other stock exchanges are: * Ahmedabad Stock Exchange Association Ltd. * Bangalore Stock Exchange * Bhubaneshwar Stock Exchange Association. * Calcutta Stock Exchange * Cochin Stock Exchnage Ltd. * Coimbatore Stock Exchange * Delhi Stock Exchange Association * Guwahati Stock Exchange Ltd. * Hyderabad Stock Exchange Ltd. * Jaipur Stock Exchange Ltd * Kanara Stock Exchange Ltd * Ludhiana Stock Exchange Association Ltd * Madras Stock Exchange * Madhya Pradesh Stock Exchange Ltd. * Mangalore Stock Exchange Limited * Meerut Stock Exchange Ltd. * Mumbai Stock Exchange * National Stock Exchange India * OTC Exchange of India * Pune Stock Exchange Ltd. * Uttar pradesh Stock Exchange Association * Vado dara Stock Exchange Ltd.
oin exchange
It does not exchange matter.
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It is an uniikely exchange rate.It is an uniikely exchange rate.It is an uniikely exchange rate.It is an uniikely exchange rate.