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Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) refers to a group of abnormalities in which tumors grow inside a woman's uterus (womb). The abnormal cells start in the tissue that would normally become the placenta, the organ that develops during pregnancy to feed the fetus.
A baby may or may not develop during these types of pregnancies.
There are several types of GTD. See the specific articles for more information:
- Choriocarcinoma(a type of cancer)
- Hydatiform mole(also called a molar pregnancy)
Goldstein DP, Berkowitz RS. Gestational trophoblastic disease. In: Abeloff MD, Armitage JO, Niederhuber JE, Kastan MB, McKenna WG, eds. Abeloff'sClinical Oncology. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2008:chap 94.
Kavanagh JJ, Gershenson DM. Gestational Trophoblastic Disease: Hydatidiform Mole, Nonmetastatic and Metastatic Gestational Trophoblastic Tumor: Diagnosis and Management. In: Katz VL, Lentz GM, Lobo RA, Gershenson DM. Comprehensive Gynecology. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier; 2007:chap 35.
Soper J, Creasman JT. Gestational trophoblastic disease. In: Disaia PJ, Creasman WT, eds. Clinical Gynecologic Oncology. 7th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 7.
What else can I help you with?
What has the author Pei Hui written?
Pei Hui has written: 'Gestational trophoblastic disease' -- subject(s): Molecular Diagnostic Techniques, Methods, Gestational trophoblastic disease, Molecular Pathology, Pathology, Gestational Trophoblastic Disease
What color ribbon is used for gestational trophoblastic disease?
The color ribbon for gestational trophoblastic disease is teal with white polka dots. It is often used to raise awareness about this condition, which includes molar pregnancies and other rare tumors that occur during pregnancy.
What is the significance of the partial mole karyotype in the diagnosis and management of gestational trophoblastic disease?
The partial mole karyotype is important in diagnosing and managing gestational trophoblastic disease because it helps identify genetic abnormalities in the placental tissue. This information can guide treatment decisions and prognosis for the patient.
What is choriocarcinomas?
It is a malignant cancer which is usually found on the placenta. It may also occur in the testis or ovary and is known to spread to the lungs. It is a member of the malignant area in the spectrum in gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD).
What has the author John Isaac Brewer written?
John Isaac Brewer has written: 'Gynecologic nursing' -- subject(s): Gynecologic nursing 'A normal human ovum in a stage preceding the primitive streak (the Edwards-Jones-Brewer ovum) ..' -- subject(s): Human embryo, Ovum 'Textbook of gynecology' -- subject(s): Gynecology 'Gestational trophoblastic disease' -- subject(s): Trophoblastic tumors
What are the potential risks and complications associated with a complete molar pregnancy?
Potential risks and complications of a complete molar pregnancy include persistent trophoblastic disease, which may require chemotherapy, and the development of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia, a type of cancer. Other risks include hemorrhage, infection, and the possibility of the molar tissue becoming invasive or spreading to other organs. Close monitoring and medical intervention are crucial to manage these risks.
Is gestational diabetes a disease?
No, not at all gestational diabetes is not a disease. It is just a minor defect during pregnancy.That is during pregnancy it is natural to have major hormonal changes, some mother cannot able to sustain this hormonal change, end up with high blood sugar called as gestational diabetes.
What is a choriocarcinoma?
Choriocarcinoma is a rare and aggressive form of cancer that develops in the tissues that would normally become the placenta during pregnancy. It can occur in both men and women, but is most commonly associated with a type of gestational trophoblastic disease that can follow a molar pregnancy or any type of pregnancy. Treatment usually involves chemotherapy.
What is anti hcg?
Anti-hCG refers to antibodies that target human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), a hormone produced during pregnancy. These antibodies can be generated in response to hCG in certain medical conditions, such as gestational trophoblastic disease or in some autoimmune disorders. The presence of anti-hCG antibodies can interfere with hCG measurements in blood tests, potentially complicating the diagnosis and management of pregnancy-related conditions.
What are the symptoms and risks associated with mole pregnancy in humans?
Molar pregnancy is a rare condition where abnormal tissue grows in the uterus instead of a normal fetus. Symptoms may include vaginal bleeding, severe nausea and vomiting, and rapid uterine growth. Risks include potential complications such as persistent gestational trophoblastic disease and an increased risk of developing certain types of cancer. Early detection and treatment are important to prevent serious complications.
Choriocarcinoma?
DefinitionChoriocarcinoma is a quick-growing form of cancer that occurs in a woman's uterus (womb). The abnormal cells start in the tissue that would normally become the placenta, the organ that develops during pregnancy to feed the fetus.Choriocarcinoma is a type of gestational trophoblastic disease.See also:Gestational trophoblastic diseaseHydatiform moleAlternative NamesChorioblastoma; Trophoblastic tumor; Chorioepithelioma; Gestational trophoblastic neoplasiaCauses, incidence, and risk factorsChoriocarcinoma is an uncommon, but very often curable cancer associated with pregnancy. A baby may or may not develop in these types of pregnancy.The cancer may develop after a normal pregnancy; however, it is most often associated with a complete hydatidiform mole. The abnormal tissue from the mole can continue to grow even after it is removed and can turn into cancer. About half of all women with a choriocarcinoma had a hydatidiform mole, or molar pregnancy.Choriocarcinomas may also occur after an abortion, ectopic pregnancy, or genital tumor.SymptomsA possible symptom is continued vaginal bleeding in a woman with a recent history of hydatidiform mole, abortion, or pregnancy.Additional symptoms may include:Irregular vaginal bleedingOvarian cystsUneven swelling of the uterusPainSigns and testsA pregnancy test will be positive even when you are not pregnant. Pregnancy hormone (HCG) levels will be persistently high.A pelvic examination may reveal continued uterine swelling or a tumor.Blood tests that may be done include:Quantitative serum HCGComplete blood countKidney function testsLiver function testsImaging tests that may be done include:CT scanMRITreatmentAfter an initial diagnosis, a careful history and examination are done to make sure the cancer has not spread to other organs. Chemotherapy is the main type of treatment.A hysterectomyand radiation therapy are rarely needed.Support GroupsFor additional information, see cancer resources.Expectations (prognosis)Most women whose cancer has not spread can be cured and will maintain reproductive function.The condition is harder to cure if the cancer has spread and one of more of the following events occur:Disease has spread to the liver or brainPregnancy hormone (HCG) level is greater than 40,000 mIU/mL at the time treatment beginsCancer returns after having chemotherapy in the pastSymptoms or pregnancy occurred for more than 4 months before treatment beganChoriocarcinoma occurred after a pregnancy that resulted in the birth of a childMany women (about 70%) who initially have a poor outlook go into remission (a disease-free state).ComplicationsA choriocarcinoma may come back after treatment, usually within several months but possibly as late as 3 years. Complications associated with chemotherapy can also occur.Calling your health care providerCall for an appointment with your health care provider if symptoms arise within 1 year after hydatidiform mole, abortion (including miscarriage), or term pregnancy.PreventionCareful monitoring after the removal of hydatidiform mole or termination of pregnancy can lead to early diagnosis of a choriocarcinoma, which improves outcome.ReferencesGoldstein DP, Berkowitz RS. Gestational trophoblastic disease. In: Abeloff MD, Armitage JO, Niederhuber JE, Kastan MB, McKenna WG, eds. Abeloff's Clinical Oncology. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2008:chap 94.Kavanagh JJ, Gershenson DM. Gestational trophoblastic disease: hydatidiform mole, nonmetastatic and metastatic gestational trophoblastic tumor: diagnosis and management. In: Katz VL, Lentz GM, Lobo RA, Gershenson DM. Comprehensive Gynecology. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier; 2007:chap 35.Soper J, Creasman JT. Gestational trophoblastic disease. In: Disaia PJ, Creasman WT, eds. Clinical Gynecologic Oncology. 7th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 7.
Who is at risk for partial molar?
Partial moles, a type of gestational trophoblastic disease, primarily occur in women of reproductive age, particularly those who are younger than 20 or older than 35. Factors that increase the risk include a history of molar pregnancies, previous miscarriages, and certain ethnic backgrounds, with higher incidence rates observed in Asian populations. Additionally, women with a diet low in carotene or folate may have a higher risk. Overall, the risk is more associated with maternal age and reproductive history.
