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Granuloma inguinale is a sexually transmitted disease that is rarely seen in the United States.
Alternative NamesDonovanosis
Causes, incidence, and risk factorsGranuloma inguinale is caused by the bacteria Calymmatobacterium granulomatis. The disease is commonly found in tropical and subtropical areas such as Southeast India, Guyana, and New Guinea, but it occurs on occasion in the United States, typically in the Southeast. There are approximately 100 cases reported per year in the United States.
The disease spreads mostly through vaginal or anal intercourse. Very rarely, it spreads during oral sex.
Men are affected more than twice as often as women, with most infections occurring in people aged 20-40 years. The disease is seldom seen in children or the elderly.
SymptomsSymptoms can occur between 1 to 12 weeks after coming in contact with the bacteria that causes the disease.
- About half of infected men and women have lesions in the anal area.
- Small, beefy-red bumps appear on the genitals or around the anus.
- The skin gradually wears away, and the bumps turn into raised, beefy-red, velvety nodules called granulation tissue. They are usually painless, but bleed easily if injured.
- The disease slowly spreads and destroys genital tissue.
- Tissue damage may spread to the area where the legs meet the torso. This area is called the inguinal folds.
- Genitals and surrounding skin has a loss of skin color.
In its early stages, it may be difficult to tell the difference between granuloma inguinale and chancroid.
In the later stages, granuloma inguinale may look like advanced genital cancers, lymphogranuloma venereum, and anogenital cutaneous amebiasis.
Signs and testsGranuloma inguinale should be considered if genital lesions have been present for a long time and have been spreading.
Tests that may be done include:
- Scrapings or punch biopsy of lesion
- Culture of tissue sample (difficult to do and not routinely available)
Laboratory tests, such as those used to detect syphilis, are available only on a research basis for diagnosing granuloma inguinale.
TreatmentAntibiotics are used to treat granuloma inguinale. A complete cure requires fairly long treatment. Most treatment courses run 3 weeks or until the lesions have completely healed.
A follow-up examination is essential because the disease can reappear after an apparently successful cure.
Expectations (prognosis)Treating this disease early decreases the chances of tissue destruction or scarring. Untreated disease results in destruction of the genital tissue.
Complications- Genital destruction and scarring
- Loss of skin color in genital area
- Permanent genital swelling due to scarring
Call for an appointment with your health care provider if you have had sexual contact with a person who is known to have granuloma inguinale, or if you develop symptoms similar to those listed above.
PreventionAvoiding all sexual activity is the only absolute way to prevent a sexually transmitted disease such as granuloma inguinale. However, safer sex behaviors may reduce your risk.
The proper use of condoms, either the male or female type, greatly decreases the risk of catching a sexually transmitted disease. You need to wear the condom from the beginning to the end of each sexual activity.
ReferencesBallard RC. Calymmatobacterium granulomatis (Donovanosis, Granuloma Inguinale). In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R, eds. Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 6th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2005:chap 233.
Eckert LO, Lentz GM. Infections of the lower genital tract: vulva, vagina, cervix, Toxic shock syndrome, HIV infections. In: Katz VL, Lentz GM, Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, eds. Comprehensive Gynecology. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier; 2007:chap 22.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Workowski KA, Berman SM. Diseases characterized by genital ulcers. Sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines 2006. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2006 Aug 4;55(RR-11):14-30.
What else can I help you with?
What is granuloma inguinale?
Granuloma inguinale is a sexually transmitted infection that affects the skin and mucous membranes of the anal and genital areas.
What is the most distinguishing characteristic of granuloma inguinale?
The most significant distinguishing characteristic of granuloma inguinale is the skin ulcer, which is larger than in most other diseases, painless, irregular in shape, and likely to bleed when touched.
How is granuloma inguinale spread?
Granuloma inguinale is spread primarily through heterosexual and male homosexual contact; however, its occurrence in children and sexually inactive adults indicates that it may also be spread by contact with human feces.
What is the prognosis for granuloma inguinale patients?
Most patients with granuloma inguinale recover completely, although superinfected ulcers may require lengthy courses of medication. Early treatment prevents the complications associated with second- and third-stage infection.
What are Donovan bodies?
Rod-shaped oval organisms found in tissue samples from patients with granuloma inguinale. Donovan bodies appear deep purple when stained with Wright's stain.
You kissed a girl and will you get a disease?
generally speaking you dont get a disease from just kissing a girl ( or boy ) but there are some STI's or STD's ( sexally transmitted infections )or ( sexually transmitted diseases )that can be transmitted from skin-skin contact ( such as the lips). These diseases could be one of the following :chlamydia, gonorrhea, genital herpes, syphilis, chancroid, lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV), trichomoniasis, granuloma inguinale, and certain forms of hepatitis.
Donovanosis (granuloma inguinale)?
DefinitionDonovanosis (granuloma inguinale) is a sexually transmitted disease that is rarely seen in the United States.Alternative NamesGranuloma inguinaleCauses, incidence, and risk factorsDonovanosis (granuloma inguinale) is caused by the bacteria Klebsiellagranulomatis. The disease is commonly found in tropical and subtropical areas such as Southeast India, Guyana, and New Guinea. However, it can sometimes occur in the United States, typically in the Southeast. There are about 100 cases reported per year in the United States.The disease spreads mostly through vaginal or anal intercourse. Very rarely, it spreads during oral sex.Men are affected more than twice as often as women. Most infections occur in people ages 20-40. The disease is rarely seen in children or the elderly.SymptomsSymptoms can occur 1 to 12 weeks after coming in contact with the bacteria that cause the disease.About half of infected men and women have sores in the anal area.Small, beefy-red bumps appear on the genitals or around the anus.The skin gradually wears away, and the bumps turn into raised, beefy-red, velvety nodules called granulation tissue. They are usually painless, but they bleed easily if injured.The disease slowly spreads and destroys genital tissue.Tissue damage may spread to the area where the legs meet the torso. This area is called the inguinal folds.The genitals and the skin around them lose skin color.In its early stages, it may be hard to tell the difference between donovanosis and chancroid.In the later stages, donovanosis may look like advanced genital cancers, lymphogranuloma venereum, and anogenital cutaneous amebiasis.Signs and testsIt may be donovanosis if genital sores have been present for a long time and have been spreading.Tests that may be done include:Culture of tissue sample (hard to do and not routinely available)Scrapings or punch biopsy of lesionLaboratory tests, such as those used to detect syphilis, are available only on a research basis for diagnosing donovanosis.TreatmentAntibiotics are used to treat donovanosis. To cure the condition requires long-term treatment. Most treatment courses run 3 weeks or until the sores have completely healed.A follow-up examination is important because the disease can reappear after it seems to be cured.Expectations (prognosis)Treating this disease early decreases the chances of tissue damage or scarring. Untreated disease leads to damage of the genital tissue.ComplicationsGenital damage and scarringLoss of skin color in genital areaPermanent genital swelling due to scarringCalling your health care providerCall for an appointment with your health care provider if:You have had sexual contact with a person who is known to have donovanosisYou develop symptoms of donovanosisPreventionAvoiding all sexual activity is the only absolute way to prevent a sexually transmitted disease such as donovanosis. However, safer sex behaviors may reduce your risk.The proper use of condoms, either the male or female type, greatly decreases the risk of catching a sexually transmitted disease. You need to wear the condom from the beginning to the end of each sexual activity.ReferencesBallard RC. Klebsiella granulomatis (Donovanosis, Granuloma Inguinale). In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R, eds. Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 7th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2009:chap 236.Eckert LO, Lentz GM. Infections of the lower genital tract: vulva, vagina, cervix, toxic shock syndrome, HIV infections. In: Katz VL, Lentz GM, Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, eds. Comprehensive Gynecology. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier; 2007:chap 22.Workowski KA, Berman SM. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines 2010. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2010 Dec 17:59:1-110.Reviewed ByReview Date: 08/24/2011Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Medical Director, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington, School of Medicine; Jatin M. Vyas, PhD, Assistant Professor in Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Assistant in Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.
Genital sores - male?
DefinitionA male genital sore is any sore or lesion that appears on the penis, scrotum, or male urethra.Alternative NamesSores - male genitals; Ulcers - male genitalsConsiderationsSymptoms may include itching, painful urination, drainage from the penis, or pain at the site of the sore. There may be one or many sores. They may also be found elsewhere on the body (such as the mouth and throat).Common CausesSores or lesions on the male genitalia have many causes. Often, the lesions of most concern are those seen with sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). For example,genital herpes simplex, syphilis, chancroid, granuloma inguinale, and lymphogranuloma venereum are all associated with ulcers on the genitals.Other lesions in this area may be caused by venereal warts, molluscum contagiosum, allergic reactions, Behcet's disease, and non-sexually transmitted diseases.Home CareAvoid self-treatment before seeing a doctor. It can hide signs and symptoms and make diagnosis more difficult. Avoid all sexual contact until you have a medical exam.Call your health care provider ifCall for an appointment with your doctor if you have any unexplained genital sores or if new ones appear in other parts of your body.What to expect at your health care provider's officeThe doctor will perform a physical examination. The exam will include looking at the genital, pelvis, skin, lymph nodes, mouth, and throat.The doctor will ask questions about your medical history and symptoms, including:Description: What does the sore look like? For example, is it an ulcer, blister, hard lump (nodule), or pustule?Does it hurt?Does it itch?What color is it?Does the border look sharp or blurry?Is there more than one sore?Where are the sores located?Time Pattern: When did you first notice the sore?How long have you had it?Have you ever had a similar sore in the past?Other: What are your sexual habits?Is there drainage from the penis?Is there painful urination?Is there painful sexual intercourse?Any fevers, chills or enlarged lymph nodes?Tests that may be done include:Complete blood count or blood differentialSkin or mucosal biopsy culture of the lesionHIV testRapid plasma reagin (RPR) testVenereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) testTreatment will depend on the underlying cause and may include antiviral medicines and antibiotics. Your doctor may ask you to avoid sexual activity or use a condom for a while, depending on your diagnosis.ReferencesLink RE. Cutaneous diseases of the external genitalia. In: Wein AJ, ed. Campbell-Walsh Urology. 9th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 13.
Can erythromycin help get rid of a bladder infection?
It depends on the bacteria causing the infection. Most common use is strep or staph; but LGV can cause LGV urethra infection that is caused by - Chlamydia trachomatis (or) UTI - Mycoplasma hominis -Erythromycin is an antibiotic approved to treat a wide range of infections caused by bacteria, such as streptococcal infections of the skin, ears, and sinuses, pneumococcal pneumonia, chlamydia, bronchitis; diphtheria; pneumonia; rheumatic fever;, certain venereal diseases, and other infections. UTI - Mycoplasma hominis -Lymphogranuloma venereum: (LGV). An uncommon genital or anorectal (affecting the anus and/or rectum) or urethra infection that is caused by Chlamydia trachomatis.Once LGV is diagnosed, it is usually treated with doxycycline 100 mg twice per day by mouth for 21 days. If this is not an option, for example, because of intolerance to the drug, erythromycin base 500 mg four times per day by mouth for 21 days can be used as an alternative.A person who has been sexually exposed to a person with LGV should be examined for signs or symptoms of LGV, as well as for chlamydial infection of the urethra, since the LGV and urethral strains (types) of Chlamydia trachomatis can co-exist. If exposure occurred within 30 days of the onset of their partner's symptoms of LGV, the exposed person should be treated.MRSA (Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus) Infections - Drug-Induced Liver Disease - Strep Throat (Streptococcus bacteria) - Rheumatic Fever (streptococcal infection) - Whooping Cough (Bordetella pertussis) - Infectious Mononucleosis (strep A,mycoplasma, neisseria, and strep bacteria other than group A) - Pink Eye (Staphylococci and Streptococci) - diarrhea disease - CampylobacterErythromycin is an antibiotic approved to treat a wide range of infections caused by bacteria, such as streptococcal infections of the skin, ears, and sinuses, pneumococcal pneumonia, chlamydia, bronchitis; diphtheria; pneumonia; rheumatic fever; diarrhea disease - Campylobacter, certain venereal diseases, and other infections.ORIGINAL USES (ON-LABEL): Various bacterial infections BRAND NAME- Ilosone- GENERIC NAME Erythromycin - CHEMICAL CLASS - Macrolide derivativeTHERAPEUTIC CLASS - Antibiotic (macrolide) oral, topical, intravenous, eye.POTENTIAL SIDE EFFECTS Systemic: Irregular heart rate (ventricular arrhythmias, QT prolongation), headache, fever, seizures, rash, abdominal pain, cramping, nausea, oral yeast infection, vomiting, jaundice,CAUTIONS: Do not use if you have pre-existing liver disease and use with caution if you have reduced liver function. - Do not use concomitantly with ergot derivatives, pimozide, astemizole, or cisapride.- May aggravate myasthenia gravis.NEWLY DISCOVERED USES (OFF-LABEL)Acne, chancroid, cholera, diarrhea due to Campylobacter, gingivitis, granuloma inguinale, impetigo, Lyme disease, lymphogranuloma venereum (AKA UTI), periodontitis.FOOD INTERACTIONS: Avoid alcohol. The absorption of some erythromycin formulations are affected by food. Er. stearate should be taken at least two hours before or after a meal. Er. estolate, er. ethylsuccinate and erythromycin base may be taken without regard to meals.
Lymphogranuloma venereum?
DefinitionLymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) is a sexually transmitted bacterial infection.Alternative NamesLGV; Lymphogranuloma inguinale; Lymphopathia venereumCauses, incidence, and risk factorsLymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) is a chronic (long-term) infection of the lymphatic system caused by three different types of the bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis. The bacteria spread through sexual contact. The infection is caused by a different bacteria than that which causes genital chlamydia.LGV is more common in Central and South America than in North America. Every year, a few hundred cases of LGV are diagnosed in the United States. However, the actual number of infections is unknown.LGV is more common in men than women. The main risk factor is having multiple sexual partners.SymptomsSymptoms of LGV can begin a few days to a month after coming in contact with the bacteria. Symptoms include:Small painless ulcer on the male genitalia or in the female genital tractSwelling and redness of the skin in the groin areaSwollen groin lymph nodes on one or both sides; it may also affect lymph nodes around the rectum in those who have anal intercourseDrainage through the skin from lymph nodes in groinBlood or pus from the rectum (blood in the stools)Painful bowel movements (tenesmus)Swelling of the labiaThe infection can cause diarrhea and lower abdominal pain. Women may develop abnormal connections called fistulas between the vagina and rectum.Signs and testsThe health care provider will perform a physical examination and ask questions about your medical history. It is important to tell your doctor if you had sexual contact with someone who has had lymphogranuloma venereum.A physical exam may show:An ulcer on the genitalsAn oozing, abnormal connection (fisula) in the rectal areaSwollen lymph nodes in the groin (inguinal lymphadenopathy)Drainage through the skin from lymph nodes in the groinSwelling of the vulva or labia in womenTests may include:Biopsy of the lymph nodeBlood test for the bacteria that causes LGVLaboratory test to detect chlamydiaTreatmentThis condition can be cured with the proper antibiotics. Those commonly prescribed to treat LGV include tetracycline, doxycycline, and erythromycin.Expectations (prognosis)With treatment, the outlook is good.ComplicationsAbnormal connections between the rectum and vaginaBrain inflammation (very rare)Infections in the joints, eyes, heart, or liverLong-term inflammation and swelling of the genitaliaScarring and narrowing of the rectumComplications can occur many years after the initial infection.Calling your health care providerCall your health care provider if you have been in contact with someone who may a sexually transmitted disease, including LVG. Also call if symptoms of LVG develop.PreventionAbstaining from sexual activity is the only absolute way to prevent a sexually transmitted disease. Safer sex behaviors may reduce the risk.The proper use of condoms, either the male or female type, greatly decreases the risk of catching a sexually transmitted disease. You need to wear the condom from the beginning to the end of each sexual activity.ReferencesStamm WE, Jones RB, Batteiger BE. Chlamydia trachomatis (trachoma, perinatal infections, lymphogranuloma venereum, and other genital infections). In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R, eds. Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 6th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2005:chap 177.Eckert LO, Lentz GM. Infections of the lower genital tract: vulva, vagina, cervix, toxic shock syndrome, HIV infections. In: Katz VL, Lentz GM, Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, eds. Comprehensive Gynecology. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier; 2007:chap 22.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Workowski KA, Berman SM. Diseases characterized by genital ulcers. Sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines 2006. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2006 Aug 4;55(RR-11):14-30.
